Food safety and quality of distribution of raw human milk from a University Hospital

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the quality of raw human milk distributed in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital of the city of São Paulo. Methods A cross-sectional study with raw human milk samples from mothers who attended the Human Milk Collection Station of a University Hospital, analyzed between May 2016 and January 2017, excluding mothers of twins. The quality of the raw human milk was assessed by verifying the presence of dirt, the coloration of the milk, the titratable acidity using the Dornic method, and through its energy content. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used for the analysis of the energy profile and the degree of Dornic acidity, according to the stage of the raw human milk and the gestational age of the child. Results The study was composed of 40 samples of 40 different women, with a mean age of 27 years, an average of 11.8 years of education, most of them were multiparous and with a partner. Regarding milk analysis, 55.0% was classified as colostrum, 27.5% as mature milk and 17.5% as transitional milk. All samples presented negative results for dirt and normal coloration. The mean milk acidity was 3.24º Dornic and most of the samples were classified as hypercaloric energy content. There was no association between the lactation stage and gestational age with the acidity value and energy content. Conclusion The quality of raw human milk distributed in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the institution evaluated was considered adequate and the samples analyzed had a high energy content and excellent Dornic acidity.

摘要 研究目的：评估圣保罗市某大学附属医院新生儿重症监护病房所分发的生母乳的质量。
研究方法：本研究为横断面研究，纳入2016年5月至2017年1月间完成检测的、就诊于该大学附属医院人乳收集站的母亲所提供的生母乳样本，排除双胞胎母亲的样本。通过检测样本是否存在污物、乳汁色泽、采用多恩尼克（Dornic）法测定滴定酸度，以及检测能量含量，评估生母乳的质量。根据生母乳的泌乳阶段与新生儿胎龄，采用克拉斯卡尔-沃利斯（Kruskal-Wallis）检验与曼-惠特尼（Mann-Whitney）检验，分析能量分布特征与多恩尼克酸度等级。
研究结果：本研究共纳入40名不同女性提供的40份样本，受试者平均年龄为27岁，平均受教育年限为11.8年，多数为经产妇且有配偶。乳汁分型方面，55.0%为初乳，27.5%为成熟乳，17.5%为过渡乳。所有样本的污物检测结果均为阴性，且色泽正常。乳汁平均酸度为3.24°多恩尼克，多数样本的能量含量被归类为高能量。未发现泌乳阶段、胎龄与酸度值及能量含量之间存在关联。
研究结论：本研究所评估的该机构新生儿重症监护病房所分发的生母乳质量达标，所分析的样本能量含量较高，且多恩尼克酸度表现优异。