Upper air soundings during POLARSTERN cruise PS106/2 (ARK-XXXI/1.2)@en

Upper air soundings onboard Polarstern are normally performed once a day to measure vertical profiles of air pressure, temperature, relative humidity and the wind vector. Helium filled balloons (TOTEX 600 g) were used to carry Vaisala RS92-SGP radiosondes. Whenever possible, the launches were carried out shortly before 11 UTC, in order to reach 100 hPa at 12 UTC. Condensed measurements (TEMP Format FM-35, BUFR) were transferred without delay into the Global Telecommunication System GTS, were they contribute to the world wide weather forecast analysis. The profile data were taken every 5 seconds, which results in a vertical resolution of about 25 meter. The profiles start at the helideck 10 m above sea level and terminate at the burst level of the balloons, normally at heights between 25 and 37 km.‘极星号’（Polarstern）科考船的高空探空（upper air sounding）任务通常每日开展一次，用于获取气压、气温、相对湿度以及风矢量的垂直廓线数据。本次探空作业采用TOTEX 600 g型充氦气球搭载维萨拉RS92-SGP无线电探空仪（radiosonde）。在条件允许的情况下，探空发射通常安排在协调世界时（UTC）11时前不久，以确保气球于12时抵达100百帕（hPa）高度层。采用TEMP格式FM-35、二进制通用格式（BUFR）存储的压缩观测数据会被实时传输至全球电信系统（Global Telecommunication System, GTS），为全球天气预报分析提供核心数据支撑。探空廓线数据每5秒采集一次，对应垂直分辨率约为25米。廓线数据的采集起点为海拔10米的直升机甲板，终点为气球爆裂高度，通常介于25至37千米之间。