Fruit vinegars attenuate cardiac injury via anti-inflammatory and anti-adiposity actions in high-fat diet-induced obese rats

Context: Fruit vinegars (FVs) are used in Mediterranean folk medicine for their hypolipidemic and weight-reducing properties. Objective: To investigate the preventive effects of three types of FV, commonly available in Algeria, namely prickly pear [Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill (Cectaceae)], pomegranate [Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae)], and apple [Malus domestica Borkh. (Rosaceae)], against obesity-induced cardiomyopathy and its underlying mechanisms. Materials and methods: Seventy-two male Wistar rats were equally divided into 12 groups. The first group served as normal control (distilled water, 7 mL/kg bw), and the remaining groups were respectively treated with distilled water (7 mL/kg bw), acetic acid (0.5% w/v, 7 mL/kg bw) and vinegars of pomegranate, apple or prickly pear (at doses of 3.5, 7 and 14 mL/kg bw, acetic acid content as mentioned above) along with a high-fat diet (HFD). The effects of the oral administration of FV for 18 weeks on the body and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) weights, plasma inflammatory and cardiac enzymes biomarkers, and in heart tissue were evaluated. Results: Vinegars treatments significantly (p Discussion and conclusion: These findings suggest that pomegranate, apple and prickly pear vinegars may prevent HFD-induced obesity and obesity-related cardiac complications, and that this prevention may result from the potent anti-inflammatory and anti-adiposity properties of these vinegars.

研究背景：果醋（Fruit Vinegars, FVs）在地中海民间医学中因其降血脂与减重的药理特性而被广泛应用。
研究目的：探究阿尔及利亚市面常见的三种果醋——梨果仙人掌[Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill (Cactaceae)]、石榴[Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae)]以及苹果[Malus domestica Borkh. (Rosaceae)]——对肥胖诱导型心肌病的预防作用及其潜在分子机制。
材料与方法：将72只雄性Wistar大鼠随机均分为12组。第1组为正常对照组（给予蒸馏水，7 mL/kg体重），其余各组分别给予蒸馏水（7 mL/kg体重）、乙酸（0.5%质量体积比，7 mL/kg体重），以及石榴果醋、苹果果醋或梨果仙人掌果醋（给药剂量分别为3.5、7、14 mL/kg体重，乙酸含量如前所述），同时辅以高脂饮食（High-Fat Diet, HFD）。本研究评估了连续18周口服果醋对大鼠体质量、内脏脂肪组织（visceral adipose tissue, VAT）重量、血浆炎症与心肌酶生物标志物水平，以及心脏组织相关指标的影响。
研究结果：果醋干预可显著（p[原文未完整提供统计参数及显著性水平]）
讨论与结论：本研究结果表明，石榴果醋、苹果果醋及梨果仙人掌果醋可预防高脂饮食诱导的肥胖及肥胖相关心脏并发症，其保护作用可能源于这些果醋所具备的强效抗炎与抗脂肪生成特性。