Climate, snow, and soil moisture data set for the Tuolumne and Merced River watersheds, California, USA

UCM sites. Snow depth, soil moisture and soil temperature are measured near the Merced Grove, Gin Flat, Smoky Jack Creek, and Olmsted Quarry with a distributed array of 6-7 sensor nodes at each location. Snow depth is measured in the open, at the drip edge and under canopies, as well as 3-4 other sites representative of an area of 1-2 hectares. Soil moisture and temperature are measured at 10, 30, 60 and 90 cm depths coincident with the three canopy snow depth nodes at each site. Raw data have been processed to hourly level 1 (QA/QC) and level 2 (gap-filled, derived) data. Time period: water year 2009 through water year 2014.

SIO sites. Air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, precipitation (unheated tipping bucket), fuel moisture, soil moisture and soil temperature are measured at nine locations including four sites collocated with the UCM sites. Air temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity, and precipitation are located at the top of a 20-foot tower. Fuel moistur..., UCM sites: Soil volumetric water content (VWC) and soil temperature measured using Decagon Devices ECHO-TM at depths of 10, 30, 60, an 90 cm below the mineral soil surface. Sensor now equivalent to 5TM (http://www.decagon.com/soil-moisture-sensors/). Distance to snow/soil surface and air temperature measured with Judd Communications ultrasonic depth sensor, using analog control ( http://www.juddcom.com/).

SIO sites: Same soil volumetric water content, soil temperature instrumentation as UCM sites. Temperature sensors are custom calibrated thermistors. Relative humidity sensors are Sensirion SHT15DV (https://www.emesystems.com/sht15dv/main.html).

Other sites: California Department of Water Resources Sites: Air temperature and relative humidity measured primarily with Vaisala HMP45A/H DUS sensors (https://www.vaisala.com/sites/default/files/documents/HMP45AD-User-Guide-U274EN.pdf) (FTS THS-3 at the Mariposa Grove site (https://ftsinc.com/meteorology/products/sensors/temperature-and-..., See README file