INSPIRE: Information system salt: planning basis, selection criteria and estimation of the potential for the construction of salt caverns for the storage of renewable energies (hydrogen and compressed air) — double saline and flat salt layers (InSpEE-DS)

What salt formations are suitable for storing hydrogen or compressed air? In the InSpEE-DS research project, scientists developed requirements and criteria for the assessment of suitable sites even if their exploration is still at an early stage and there is little knowledge of the salinaries’ structures. Scientists at DEEP.KBB GmbH in Hanover, worked together with their project partners at BGR and the Leibniz University Hanover, Institute for Geotechnics, to develop the planning basis for the site selection and for the construction of storage caverns in flat layered salt and multiple or double saliniferous formations. Search Caverns could store renewable energy in the form of hydrogen or compressed air. While the previous project InSpEE was limited to salt formations of great thickness in Northern Germany, salt horizons of different ages have now been examined all over Germany. To estimate the potential, depth contour maps of the top and the base as well as thickness maps of the respective stratigraphic units were developed. Due to the present INSPIRE geological data model, it was necessary, in contrast to the original dataset, to classify the boundary lines of the potential storage areas in the Zechstein base and thickness layers, whereby the classification of these lines was taken from the top Zechstein layer. Consequently, the boundary element Depth criterion 2 000 m corresponds to each level to the 2 000 m depth of Top Zechstein. However, the boundary of national borders and the boundary of the data basis could not be implemented in the data model and are therefore not included in the dataset. Information on compressed air and hydrogen storage potential is given for the identified areas and for the individual federal states. According to the Data Specification on Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0) the content of InSpEE-DS (INSPIRE) is stored in 18 INSPIRE-compliant GML files: InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Isopachs_Zechstein.gml contains the Zechstein isopachs. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Isobaths_Top_Zechstein.gml and InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Isobaths_Base_Zechstein.gml contain the isobaths of the top and basis of Zechstein. The three files InSpEE_DS_GeologicStructure_ThicknessMap_Zechstein, InSpEE_DS_GeologicStructure_Top_Zechstein and InSpEE_DS_GeologicStructure_Grund_Zechstein represent the faults of the Zechstein body as well as at the top and at the basis of the Zechstein body. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Boundary_element_Potential_areas_Zechstein.gml contains the boundary elments of the potential areas at the top and the basis of Zechstein as well as of the Zechstein body. The three files InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Uncertainty_areas_ThicknessMap_Zechstein.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Uncertainty_areas_Top_Zechstein.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Uncertainty_areas_Grund_Zechstein.gml represent the uncertainty areas of the Zechstein body as well as at the base of the Zechstein body. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Potentially_usable_storage_areas_potential_in_the_federal_states.gml comprises the areas with storage potential for renewable energy in the form of hydrogen and compressed air. The six files InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Malm.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Keuper.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Muschelkalk.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_distribution_in_Germany_Roet.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Zechstein.gml and InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Rotliegend.gml represent the salt distribution of the respective stratigraphic unit. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_General_salt_distribution.gml represents the general salt distribution in Germany. This geographic information is product of a BMWi-funded research project “InSpEE-DS” running from the year 2015 to 2019. The acronym stands for "Information system salt: planning basis, selection criteria and estimation of the potential for the construction of salt caverns for the storage of renewable energies (hydrogen and compressed air) — double saline and flat salt layers.哪些盐层构造适宜储存氢气或压缩空气？在InSpEE-DS研究项目中，科研人员针对勘探尚处于早期阶段、对盐岩构造认知不足的适宜场址，制定了评估要求与标准。 汉诺威DEEP.KBB有限公司的科研团队，与德国联邦地质资源与原材料研究院（BGR）及汉诺威莱布尼茨大学岩土工程研究所的项目伙伴合作，为扁平层状盐岩及多套/双层含盐构造中的场址遴选与储盐洞穴建设拟定了规划依据。此类储盐洞穴可将可再生能源以氢气或压缩空气的形式储存。 此前的InSpEE项目仅局限于德国北部的厚层盐岩构造，而本次研究已覆盖全德国范围内不同时代的盐层。为估算储能潜力，研究团队绘制了各地层单元的顶、底界面等深线图以及厚度分布图。 鉴于现行欧洲空间信息基础设施（INSPIRE）地质数据模型的要求，相较于原始数据集，本次研究需对泽希斯坦（Zechstein）组底界及厚度图层中的潜在储区边界线进行分类，分类依据取自泽希斯坦组顶界数据。据此，边界要素的2000米深度标准，对应至泽希斯坦组顶界的2000米深度。 然而，国家国境线与数据基础的边界无法在该数据模型中实现映射，因此未纳入本数据集。针对已识别的储区及德国各联邦州，本数据集提供了压缩空气与氢气储能潜力的相关信息。 依据《地质数据规范》（Data Specification on Geology, D2.8.II.4_v3.0），InSpEE-DS（符合INSPIRE标准）的数据集内容存储于18个符合INSPIRE规范的地理标记语言（GML）文件中： 1. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Isopachs_Zechstein.gml：包含泽希斯坦组等厚线数据； 2. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Isobaths_Top_Zechstein.gml与InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Isobaths_Base_Zechstein.gml：分别包含泽希斯坦组顶界与底界的等深线数据； 3. 三个文件InSpEE_DS_GeologicStructure_ThicknessMap_Zechstein、InSpEE_DS_GeologicStructure_Top_Zechstein与InSpEE_DS_GeologicStructure_Grund_Zechstein：分别表征泽希斯坦岩体及其顶、底界面的断裂构造； 4. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Boundary_element_Potential_areas_Zechstein.gml：包含泽希斯坦组顶界、底界及泽希斯坦岩体的潜在储区边界要素； 5. 三个不确定性相关文件：InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Uncertainty_areas_ThicknessMap_Zechstein.gml、InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Uncertainty_areas_Top_Zechstein.gml与InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Uncertainty_areas_Grund_Zechstein.gml，分别表征泽希斯坦岩体及其底界面的不确定性区域； 6. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Potentially_usable_storage_areas_potential_in_the_federal_states.gml：涵盖可用于氢气与压缩空气形式的可再生能源储能的潜在区域； 7. 六个地层盐分布文件：InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Malm.gml、InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Keuper.gml、InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Muschelkalk.gml、InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_distribution_in_Germany_Roet.gml、InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Zechstein.gml与InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Rotliegend.gml，分别对应德国各地层单元的盐岩分布； 8. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_General_salt_distribution.gml：表征德国全域的盐岩总体分布。 本地理信息数据集由德国联邦经济事务与气候行动部（BMWi）资助的InSpEE-DS研究项目产出，项目执行周期为2015年至2019年。该项目全称为"Information system salt: planning basis, selection criteria and estimation of the potential for the construction of salt caverns for the storage of renewable energies (hydrogen and compressed air) — double saline and flat salt layers"，即"盐信息系统：可再生能源（氢气与压缩空气）储能盐洞穴建设的规划依据、遴选标准与潜力评估——双层含盐与扁平层状盐岩构造"。