Supplementary materials: Impact analysis of expanding narrow-spectrum antibiotic use for children with ear, sinus and throat infections

These are peer-reviewed supplementary tables for the article 'Impact analysis of expanding narrow-spectrum antibiotic use for children with ear, sinus and throat infections' published in the Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research.Table A-1. Complete Set of Parameters Used in the Model.Table A-2. Ranges Used for One-Way Sensitivity Analysis and Distributions Used for Probabilistic Sensitivity Analysis.Summary: Aim: Estimate the impacts treating acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) in children aged 6 months through 12 years with narrow-spectrum antibiotics. Materials & methods: Decision-tree model to estimate children’s health, healthcare utilization and costs, and caregiver’s time and costs for using narrow-spectrum antibiotics in eligible children with an ARTI, compared with current use of narrow- and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Results: Reduced adverse drug reactions by 35,750 (14%) cases) and 4750 (12%) fewer emergency department visits, 300 (12%) fewer hospitalizations, and 50,500 (10%) avoided outpatient visits. Annual healthcare costs fell by US$120 million (22%). Total societal costs declined by US$131 million (20%). Conclusion: National implementation of narrow-spectrum antibiotics to treat ARTIs in children improves patient outcomes and reduces caregiver burden and annual healthcare costs.

本数据集为发表于《比较效果研究杂志》（Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research）的论文《扩大窄谱抗生素（narrow-spectrum antibiotics）用于儿童耳、鼻窦与咽喉感染治疗的影响分析》的同行评议补充表格。
表A-1：模型所用完整参数集
表A-2：单因素敏感性分析（one-way sensitivity analysis）取值范围与概率敏感性分析（probabilistic sensitivity analysis）所用分布

研究概述：
研究目的：评估使用窄谱抗生素治疗6个月至12岁儿童急性呼吸道感染（acute respiratory tract infections, ARTIs）的影响。
材料与方法：采用决策树模型（decision-tree model），对比当前窄谱抗生素与广谱抗生素（broad-spectrum antibiotics）的使用方案，评估符合急性呼吸道感染指征的儿童使用窄谱抗生素后的健康状况、医疗资源利用情况与成本，以及照护者的时间投入与相关成本。
研究结果：药物不良反应（adverse drug reactions）减少35750例（降幅14%），急诊就诊人次减少4750例（降幅12%），住院人次减少300例（降幅12%），门诊就诊人次减少50500例（降幅10%）；年度医疗成本下降1.20亿美元（降幅22%），社会总成本下降1.31亿美元（降幅20%）。
研究结论：在全国范围内推广窄谱抗生素用于儿童急性呼吸道感染治疗，可改善患者预后，减轻照护者负担并降低年度医疗成本。