Data_Sheet_3_Topic Application of the Probiotic Streptococcus dentisani Improves Clinical and Microbiological Parameters Associated With Oral Health.PDF

Streptococcus dentisani 7746, isolated from dental plaque of caries-free individuals, has been shown to have several beneficial effects in vitro which could contribute to promote oral health, including an antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens by the production of bacteriocins and a pH buffering capacity through ammonia production. Previous work has shown that S. dentisani was able to colonize the oral cavity for 2–4 weeks after application. The aim of the present work was to evaluate its clinical efficacy by a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel group study. Fifty nine volunteers were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to a treatment or placebo group. The treatment consisted of a bucco-adhesive gel application (2.5 109 cfu/dose) with a dental splint for 5 min every 48 h, for a period of 1 month (i.e., 14 doses). Dental plaque and saliva samples were collected at baseline, 15 and 30 days after first application, and 15 days after the end of treatment. At baseline, there was a significant correlation between S. dentisani levels and frequency of toothbrushing. Salivary flow, a major factor influencing oral health, was significantly higher in the probiotic group at day 15 compared with the placebo (4.4 and 3.4 ml/5 min, respectively). In the probiotic group, there was a decrease in the amount of dental plaque and in gingival inflammation, but no differences were observed in the placebo group. The probiotic group showed a significant increase in the levels of salivary ammonia and calcium. Finally, Illumina sequencing of plaque samples showed a beneficial shift in bacterial composition at day 30 relative to baseline, with a reduction of several cariogenic organisms and the key players in plaque formation, probably as a result of bacteriocins production. Only 58% of the participants in the probiotic group showed increased plaque levels of S. dentisani at day 30 and 71% by day 45, indicating that the benefits of S. dentisani application could be augmented by improving colonization efficiency. In conclusion, the application of S. dentisani 7746 improved several clinical and microbiological parameters associated with oral health, supporting its use as a probiotic to prevent tooth decay.

从无龋齿人群的牙菌斑中分离得到的链球菌属菌株7746，在体外实验中显示出多种有益效应，这些效应有助于促进口腔健康，包括通过产生抗菌肽对抗口腔病原体的抗菌活性，以及通过产生氨而具备的pH缓冲能力。前期研究表明，S. dentisani能够在应用后2-4周内定植口腔。本研究的目的是通过一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的平行组研究评估其临床疗效。共有59名志愿者参与研究，并被随机分配到治疗组或安慰剂组。治疗方案包括每48小时使用牙垫将粘附性凝胶（2.5×10^9 cfu/剂量）涂抹于口腔内5分钟，持续1个月（即14剂）。在基线、首次应用后第15天、第30天以及治疗结束后的第15天，收集牙菌斑和唾液样本。在基线时，S. dentisani的水平与刷牙频率之间存在显著相关性。在首次应用后第15天，与安慰剂组相比，益生菌组的唾液流量（分别为4.4和3.4 ml/5分钟）显著更高。在益生菌组中，牙菌斑量和牙龈炎症均有所减少，而在安慰剂组中则未观察到差异。益生菌组的唾液氨和钙水平显著增加。最终，通过Illumina测序对牙菌斑样本的分析显示，与基线相比，在第30天时细菌组成发生了有益的变化，几种致龋生物和牙菌斑形成的关键参与者的数量减少，这可能是由于抗菌肽的产生。在首次应用后的第30天，只有58%的益生菌组参与者S. dentisani的牙菌斑水平增加，而在第45天时这一比例达到了71%，这表明通过提高定植效率可以增强S. dentisani应用的好处。总之，S. dentisani 7746的应用改善了与口腔健康相关的多个临床和微生物学参数，支持其作为预防龋齿的益生菌的使用。