Data from: Feeding impacts thermoregulatory behavior and consistency across day and night in a diurnal lizard

Thermoregulatory decisions impact nearly every aspect of the physiology,
performance, and ecology of ectotherms. Thus, understanding the factors
which influence ectotherm thermoregulatory behaviors across ecological
contexts and environmental conditions is essential in predicting responses
to novel or changing environments. Specifically, quantifying such
behaviors across the entire diel cycle – day and night – is key to
understanding the impact on physiological processes that happen during
periods of inactivity, such as digestion. Utilizing high-resolution
time-series data, we quantified the diel cycle of thermoregulatory
behaviors in fed and unfed common wall lizards (Podarcis muralis) over
five consecutives days. We first tested the hypothesis that feeding status
affects diurnal and nocturnal thermoregulation. Second, we quantified the
impact of feeding status on patterns of consistency and correlation within
and among individuals in diurnal and nocturnal thermoregulatory behaviors.
Lizards modulated their behavior in response to feeding status, conserving
energy by choosing lower temperatures when unfed and by seeking higher
temperatures when fed. We observed consistent among-individual differences
(repeatability) in thermoregulatory behaviors across diurnal and nocturnal
periods. Furthermore, diurnal and nocturnal thermoregulatory behaviors
were positively correlated within individuals. We demonstrate that this
diurnal ectotherm actively thermoregulates during the night, a finding
particularly pertinent in urban environments, where artificial light and
heat can prolong the active period of lizards. Overall, this research
provides valuable insight into the flexible thermoregulation strategies of
a species highly successful in expanding its range, demonstrating the
importance of considering both diurnal and nocturnal activity.

# Data from: Feeding impacts thermoregulatory behavior and consistency
across day and night in a diurnal lizard Dataset DOI:
[10.5061/dryad.rjdfn2zpm](10.5061/dryad.rjdfn2zpm) ## Description of the
data and file structure Data description for data files associated with
Perry et al., Publication for *Behavioral Ecology*. ### Files and
variables #### File: Data\_BehaEco\_Perry2025.csv
**Description:**  ##### Variables * ID: (character) The
identity of the lizard * Sexe: (character) The sexe of the lizard
* State: (character) The feeding statut of the lizard *
Period: (character) The diel cycle period, day or night *
Day: (numeric) The day of the consecutive measure (1 to 5 days) *
cricket_eaten: (numeric) The number of cricket eaten by the
lizard for the fed group * Group: (numeric) The experimental
group passed in the thermal gradient (1 or 2) *
Session: (numeric) The experimental session passed in the thermal
gradient, correspond to the feeding groups (1 or 2) *
mass1: (numeric) The mass of the lizard before the 3 days of
feeding or not feeding (g) * mass2: (numeric) The mass of the
lizard before the thermoregulatory behavioral experiment (g) *
mass3: (numeric) The mass of the lizard after the
thermoregulatory behavioral experiment (g) * SVL: (numeric) The
body size of the lizard (Snout–vent length) (mm) *
SMI:  (numeric) The scaled mass index of the lizard (g)
* LowerTsel:  (numeric) The lower selected temperature
(°C) * UpperTsel: (numeric) The upper selected temperature (°C) *
Tsel: (numeric) The selected temperature (°C) *
Tpref: (numeric) The thermal preference temperature (°C) *
Tbmax: (numeric) The maximum of body temperature of the lizard
(°C) * Tbmin: (numeric) The maximum of body temperature of the
lizard (°C) * Tmean: (numeric) The mean of body temperature of
the lizard (°C) * Tmed: (numeric) The median of body temperature
of the lizard (°C) * PC1: (numeric) The score of the thermophilic
gradient of the first axes from the PCA analysis * PC2: (numeric)
The score of the thermoregulatory precision of the second axes from the
PCA analysis Missing data code: NA

体温调节决策几乎影响外温动物（ectotherms）生理学、运动表现与生态学的所有维度。因此，解析生态背景与环境条件下影响外温动物体温调节行为的各类因素，对于预测其应对新型或变化环境的响应至关重要。具体而言，量化全昼夜周期（diel cycle）——即日间与夜间——内的此类行为，是解析其对非活动期生理过程（如消化）影响的核心所在。

本研究借助高分辨率时序数据，对连续5天内取食组与禁食组普通壁蜥（Podarcis muralis）的昼夜体温调节行为周期进行了量化分析。我们首先验证了“取食状态会影响日间与夜间体温调节”的假说。其次，我们量化了取食状态对个体内部及个体间日间与夜间体温调节行为的一致性与相关性模式的影响。

壁蜥会根据取食状态调整自身行为：禁食时选择更低体温以节约能量，取食时则主动寻求更高体温。我们观察到，日间与夜间的体温调节行为均存在稳定的个体间差异（即重复性）。此外，个体自身的日间与夜间体温调节行为呈正相关关系。本研究证实，这种昼行性外温动物会在夜间主动进行体温调节，这一发现对于城市环境尤为重要——人工光照与热量可延长壁蜥的活动时长。

总体而言，本研究为一种成功拓展分布范围的物种的灵活体温调节策略提供了重要见解，同时凸显了同时关注日间与夜间活动的重要性。

# 数据来源：《取食对昼行性蜥蜴日间与夜间体温调节行为及一致性的影响》数据集 DOI：10.5061/dryad.rjdfn2zpm
## 数据与文件结构说明
本数据集关联Perry等人发表于《行为生态学》（*Behavioral Ecology*）的研究数据说明。

### 文件与变量
#### 文件：Data_BehaEco_Perry2025.csv
**文件说明：**
##### 变量
* ID：（字符型）蜥蜴个体标识
* 性别（Sexe）：（字符型）蜥蜴的性别
* 取食状态（State）：（字符型）蜥蜴的取食状态
* 周期（Period）：（字符型）昼夜周期阶段，分为日间与夜间
* 实验日（Day）：（数值型）连续测量的天数（取值范围为1至5天）
* 取食蟋蟀数（cricket_eaten）：（数值型）取食组蜥蜴食用的蟋蟀数量
* 实验组编号（Group）：（数值型）温度梯度实验中的分组编号，取值为1或2
* 实验阶段（Session）：（数值型）温度梯度实验的实验阶段，与取食组对应，取值为1或2
* 体重1（mass1）：（数值型）3天取食/禁食处理前的蜥蜴体重（单位：克）
* 体重2（mass2）：（数值型）体温调节行为实验前的蜥蜴体重（单位：克）
* 体重3（mass3）：（数值型）体温调节行为实验后的蜥蜴体重（单位：克）
* 吻肛长（SVL）：（数值型）蜥蜴的体长（吻部至泄殖腔长度，单位：毫米）
* 标度体重指数（SMI）：（数值型）蜥蜴的标度体重指数（单位：克）
* 最低选择体温（LowerTsel）：（数值型）蜥蜴选择的最低体温（单位：摄氏度）
* 最高选择体温（UpperTsel）：（数值型）蜥蜴选择的最高体温（单位：摄氏度）
* 选择体温（Tsel）：（数值型）蜥蜴的选择体温（单位：摄氏度）
* 热偏好体温（Tpref）：（数值型）蜥蜴的热偏好体温（单位：摄氏度）
* 最高体温（Tbmax）：（数值型）蜥蜴的实测最高体温（单位：摄氏度）
* 最低体温（Tbmin）：（数值型）蜥蜴的实测最低体温（单位：摄氏度）
* 平均体温（Tmean）：（数值型）蜥蜴的平均体温（单位：摄氏度）
* 体温中位数（Tmed）：（数值型）蜥蜴的体温中位数（单位：摄氏度）
* 主成分1（PC1）：（数值型）主成分分析（PCA）第一轴对应的嗜热梯度得分
* 主成分2（PC2）：（数值型）主成分分析（PCA）第二轴对应的体温调节精度得分
缺失值编码：NA