Agricultural intensification drives changes in hybrid network robustness by modifying network structure

Within ecological communities, species engage in myriad interaction types, yet empirical examples of hybrid species interaction networks composed of multiple types of interactions are still scarce. A key knowledge gap is understanding how the structure and stability of such hybrid networks are affected by anthropogenic disturbance. Using 15,169 interaction observations, we constructed 16 hybrid herbivore-plant-pollinator networks along an agricultural intensification gradient to explore changes in network structure and robustness to local extinctions. We found that agricultural intensification led to declines in modularity but increases in nestedness and connectance. Notably, network connectance, a structural feature typically thought to increase robustness, caused declines in hybrid network robustness, but the directionality of changes in robustness along the gradient depended on the order of local species extinctions. Our results not only demonstrate the impacts of anthropogenic distu...在生态群落中，物种间存在着多种多样的交互类型，但由多种交互类型构成的混合物种交互网络（hybrid species interaction networks）的实证案例仍较为匮乏。当前关键的知识缺口在于，厘清这类混合交互网络的结构与稳定性如何受人为干扰（anthropogenic disturbance）的影响。本研究基于15169条交互观测记录，沿农业集约化梯度（agricultural intensification gradient）构建了16个草食动物-植物-传粉者混合物种交互网络，以探究网络结构以及对本地物种灭绝的鲁棒性（robustness）的变化规律。研究发现，农业集约化程度提升会降低网络的模块化程度（modularity），但会提升嵌套性（nestedness）与连接度（connectance）。值得注意的是，通常被认为会提升鲁棒性的网络连接度这一结构特征，反而导致了混合物种交互网络鲁棒性的下降；且沿农业集约化梯度的鲁棒性变化的方向性，取决于本地物种灭绝的先后顺序。本研究结果不仅揭示了人为干扰对……