Rusch Resource Potential and Environmental Impact of Heavy Metals

The present report of the Federal Environment Agency shows with the material flow analysis currents, cargoes and storage of heavy metals lead, cadmium and mercury in Austria. This method allows for the accounting of resources, the estimation of cargoes in the waste streams and analyses of the impact on the environment. This system analysis is complemented by product-related detailed investigations, e.g. for cadmium in accumulators, heavy metals in plastics, lead in pipes and ammunition or mercury in dentistry and thermometers. Existing national and international measures are also presented. The following recommendations have been drawn up, inter alia: • Ban on lead shot in hunting and shooting, • phase out of dental amalgam, • repatriation of mercury thermometers from households and • restriction of emissions from crematoria.奥地利联邦环境署发布的本报告借助物质流分析（Material Flow Analysis），梳理了奥地利境内重金属铅、镉与汞的流通路径、流量及贮存量。该方法可实现资源核算、废物流中重金属流量估算以及环境影响分析。本系统分析还辅以针对具体产品的详细调研，例如蓄电池中的镉、塑料中的重金属、管材与弹药中的铅，以及牙科领域与体温计中的汞。报告同时介绍了现行的国内与国际管控措施。此外，报告拟定了以下建议： • 禁止狩猎与射击活动中使用铅弹； • 逐步淘汰牙科汞合金； • 回收家庭留存的汞体温计； • 限制火葬场的污染物排放。