Soil microbiome(bacterial) changes under the long-term rye and maize monoculture with different fertilization variants

In the presented study, we focused on 55 years of monocropping in maize and rye fields, as well as on bare fallow for comparison. We analyzed the soil microbial status under long-term monoculture using a holistic approach and method to evaluate the microbiome. The investigation was comprehensive and multifaceted, including (i) determining the soil enzymatic activity, (ii) evaluating the community physiological profile, and (iii) characterizing soil bacterial and fungal structure composition. This study aims to provide information on soil microbial parameters in monoculture, using biochemical and genetic methods, which will help set directions for agricultural practices. We hypothesized that monocropping treatments would lead to a decrease in soil microbial activity and diversity and cause changes in the functionality of the soil microbial community.