Supplementary Material for: Interaction between VEGF Receptor-2 Gene Polymorphisms and Dietary Patterns on Blood Glucose and Lipid Levels in Chinese Malaysian Adults

Background/Aims: The prevalence of lifestyle-related chronic diseases is increasing and gene-diet interaction studies are limited among the Malaysian population. This study was conducted to evaluate the association and interaction effects of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2(VEGFR2) gene polymorphisms and dietary patterns on anthropometric and biochemical risk factors of chronic diseases in 179 Chinese Malaysian adults. Methods: Genotyping of rs1870377 and rs2071559 was performed by real-time PCR using TaqMan probes. Dietary patterns were constructed from the food frequency questionnaire using factor analysis. Anthropometric measurements: body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure and biomarkers: blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and lipids were obtained. Results: Two dietary patterns: ‘Balanced diet’ and ‘Meat, rice and noodles diet’ (MRND) were extracted. MRND was associated with higher BMI, blood pressure, blood glucose and lipids, while T alleles in both rs1870377 and rs2071559 were associated with higher blood lipids (p < 0.05). The interaction of MRND and rs1870377 had a borderline effect on blood HbA1c after adjusting for confounders (p = 0.057). Conclusions: A dietary pattern of MRND and VEGFR2 gene polymorphisms were both associated with increased health risks of lifestyle-related chronic diseases particularly blood glucose and lipid levels in Chinese Malaysian adults.

研究背景与目的：与生活方式相关的慢性病患病率持续攀升，而马来西亚人群中开展的基因-膳食交互作用研究仍较为匮乏。本研究旨在探讨血管内皮生长因子受体2（VEGFR2）基因多态性与膳食模式的关联及其交互作用，及其对179名马来西亚华裔成年人慢性病人体测量学及生物化学风险因子的影响。
研究方法：采用TaqMan探针法实时荧光定量PCR（real-time PCR）对rs1870377与rs2071559位点进行基因分型；通过食物频率问卷结合因子分析构建膳食模式；采集的人体测量学指标包括体质量指数（BMI）、收缩压及舒张压，生物标志物则涵盖血糖、糖化血红蛋白A1c（HbA1c）与血脂水平。
研究结果：共提取得到两种膳食模式：「均衡膳食模式」与「肉米面食模式（MRND）」。其中肉米面食模式与更高的BMI、血压、血糖及血脂水平相关；rs1870377与rs2071559位点的T等位基因均与血脂水平升高存在显著关联（p < 0.05）。校正混杂因素后，肉米面食模式与rs1870377的交互作用对糖化血红蛋白A1c水平存在临界显著性影响（p = 0.057）。
研究结论：肉米面食膳食模式与VEGFR2基因多态性均与马来西亚华裔成年人罹患生活方式相关慢性病的健康风险升高存在关联，尤其体现在血糖与血脂水平方面。