Neurocognitive inefficiencies and eating disorder symptoms in college women

Data are for a study on neurocognitive factors and eating disorder symptoms in college women study. It was hypothesized that women with overlapping inefficiencies in set-shifting and global processing would have higher ED symptoms than those with standalone neurocognitive inefficiencies or no inefficiency. Data include ED symptom dimension scores (EDE-Q) as well as reaction time and error scores for the WCST (set-shifting) and Navon task (global processing). BIS scores were calculated to represent efficiency on the WCST and Navon task. This project contains the data file for all participants used in analyses as well as a codebook for the data. Three responses were missing completely at random. Missing values were imputed using the Expectation Maximization algorithm. Data were screened for univariate outliers using z scores (greater than +/- 3.29). Five univariate outliers were winsorized by replacing with the next within-bound value. Two multivariate outlier was identified using Mahalanobis distance and was removed from the sample, resulting in a final sample of 142 participants. Median splits of BIS efficiency scores were utilized to classify individuals into one of four neurocognitive profile groups: 1) overlapping (both), 2) central coherence (CC), 3) set-shifting (SS), and 4) no (neither) inefficiencies. Spearkman rank correlation analyses were run between eating disorder symptoms and BIS efficiency scores. Kruskal-Wallis tests were run to compare mean rank WCST and Navon task reaction time and error scores across neurocognitive profile groups. Differences in mean rank eating disorder symptom scores by neurocognitve profile were also tested using Kruskal-Wallis tests. Pairwise comparisons were performed using Dunn’s procedure with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Results showed that women with overlapping inefficiencies had higher eating disorder symptoms than those with no inefficiency.

本数据集对应一项针对高校女性群体神经认知因素与进食障碍症状的研究。本研究提出假设：相较于仅存在单一神经认知功能缺陷或无神经认知功能缺陷的女性，同时存在定势转换（set-shifting）与整体加工功能缺陷的女性，其进食障碍症状程度会更为严重。本数据集包含进食障碍症状维度评分（进食障碍检查问卷，Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, 简称EDE-Q）、威斯康星卡片分类测验（Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, 简称WCST，用于评估定势转换功能）的反应时与错误率评分，以及纳冯任务（Navon task，用于评估整体加工功能）的反应时与错误率评分。本研究计算了行为抑制系统（Behavioral Inhibition System, 简称BIS）评分，以表征WCST与纳冯任务的任务执行效率。本项目包含所有用于分析的受试者数据文件，以及对应的数据编码手册。共有3条观测数据完全随机缺失，采用期望最大化（Expectation Maximization, 简称EM）算法对缺失值进行插补处理。研究采用z分数（阈值为±3.29）筛查单变量异常值，共5个单变量异常值通过替换为边界内相邻有效值的方式完成缩尾处理。采用马氏距离（Mahalanobis distance）识别出2个多变量异常值并将其从样本中剔除，最终有效样本量为142名受试者。通过对BIS效率评分进行中位数拆分，将受试者划分为4类神经认知特征组：1）双缺陷组（同时存在两种功能缺陷）、2）中央统合功能缺陷组（central coherence, 简称CC）、3）定势转换缺陷组（set-shifting, 简称SS）、4）无缺陷组（无任何功能缺陷）。本研究针对进食障碍症状与BIS效率评分开展了斯皮尔曼等级相关分析；采用克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验，比较不同神经认知特征组间WCST、纳冯任务的反应时与错误率评分的平均秩次；针对不同神经认知特征组间进食障碍症状评分的平均秩次差异，同样采用克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验进行分析。采用邓恩检验法结合邦费罗尼校正，开展多重比较的两两事后检验。研究结果显示，同时存在两种神经认知功能缺陷的女性，其进食障碍症状程度显著高于无任何功能缺陷的女性。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于大学女性神经认知低效率与饮食障碍症状的关联研究，包含142名参与者的EDE-Q症状评分、WCST和Navon任务表现数据，以及BIS效率分数。通过统计分析，发现具有重叠神经认知低效率（如集合转换和全局处理）的女性比无低效率者表现出更高的饮食障碍症状。