Habitat suitability maps for vulnerable and foundation cold-water coral taxa of the Azores (NE Atlantic)@en

We developed habitat suitability models for 14 vulnerable and foundation cold-water coral (CWC) taxa of the Azores (NE Atlantic) using GAM and MAXENT models. The modelled taxa are: Acanthogorgia spp., Callogorgia verticillata, Coralliidae spp., Dentomuricea aff. meteor, Desmophyllum pertusum, Errina dabneyi, Leiopathes cf. expansa, Madrepora oculata, Narella bellissima, Narella versluysi, Paracalyptrophora josephinae, Paragorgia johnsoni, Solenosmilia variabilis and Viminella flagellum. Models were built using a model grid having a cell size of a 1.13 x 1.11 km (i.e. about 0.01° in the UTM zone 26N projection). This resolution was considered a good compromise between the original resolution of occurrence and environmental data and our capacity to resolve suitable and unsuitable areas within the same geomorphological feature using model predictions. Study area and model background were limited to depths shallower than 2000 m where most of the sampling events took place. Predictors variables included bathymetric position indexes (5 km and 20 km radii), slope, particulate organic carbon flux, seawater chemistry (principal component of dissolved near-seafloor nutrient concentration and calcite/aragonite saturation levels) and near seafloor values of current speed, oxygen saturation and temperature. Presence records were obtained from two different sources: species annotations from underwater imagery (76%) and longline and handline bycatch records (24 %). […]本研究针对东北大西洋亚速尔群岛海域的14种脆弱型与建群种冷水珊瑚（cold-water coral, CWC）类群，采用GAM（广义可加模型，Generalized Additive Model）与MAXENT（最大熵模型）构建栖息地适宜性模型。本次建模的类群包括：Acanthogorgia spp.、Callogorgia verticillata、Coralliidae spp.、Dentomuricea aff. meteor、Desmophyllum pertusum、Errina dabneyi、Leiopathes cf. expansa、Madrepora oculata、Narella bellissima、Narella versluysi、Paracalyptrophora josephinae、Paragorgia johnsoni、Solenosmilia variabilis及Viminella flagellum。 建模采用的网格单元尺寸为1.13×1.11 km（在UTM 26N投影下约合0.01°）。该分辨率被认为是在物种出现数据与环境数据的原始分辨率，以及通过模型预测区分同一地貌单元内适宜与不适宜栖息地的能力之间的良好折中方案。 研究区域与模型背景区域均限定在采样活动主要发生的2000米以浅海域。预测变量包括：5 km与20 km半径的水深位置指数、坡度、颗粒有机碳通量、海水化学参数（近海底溶解营养盐浓度与方解石/文石饱和度水平的主成分），以及近海底的流速、氧饱和度与温度数值。 物种出现记录来源于两类不同渠道：水下影像标注的物种记录（占比76%），以及延绳钓与手钓兼捕记录（占比24%）。[……]