Negative impacts of free migration

Free migration is a common phenomenon in socio-economic development leading to population change and labor redistribution by territory. The process of redistributing labor through migration is one of the crucial factors for socio-economic development, especially concerning natural resources and the environment. It also leads to a negative impact on the increase and assurance of national defense and security. The article analyzes and evaluates the negative impacts of the free migration of ethnic minorities in the northern mountainous provinces of Vietnam on socio-economic development and national defense security assurance. Free migration for ethnic minorities in the northern mountainous areas of Vietnam has caused consequences for a long time. Therefore, the proposal of solutions in this article to reduce the pessimistic effects of free migration aims to meet a dilemma in theory and practice. Achieving this goal article uses both qualitative and quantitative research methods on SEM model analysis to assess the negative impacts of the free migration of ethnic minorities in the northern mountainous provinces for immigration, emigration, and migrants. From there, the work draws policy recommendations for local authorities to limit negative impacts to ensure sustainable development goals. The analysis results of the article contribute to a complete awareness of the negatives of free migration in Vietnam, and Vietnam's policies in solving this problem also contribute to the section that provides data analyzing the situation of free migration in the world.自由迁徙是社会经济发展中的常见现象，其会引发人口格局变动与跨地域劳动力再分配。通过迁徙实现的劳动力再分配进程，是影响社会经济发展的关键因素之一，尤其与自然资源及环境密切相关。同时该进程也会对国防与安全的巩固与保障产生负面影响。本文针对越南北部山区省份少数民族自由迁徙对社会经济发展与国防安全保障所产生的负面影响展开分析与评估。越南北部山区少数民族的自由迁徙长期以来已造成诸多不良后果，因此，本文提出缓解自由迁徙负面影响的解决方案，旨在破解理论与实践层面的双重困境。为达成这一研究目标，本文采用定性与定量相结合的研究方法，结合结构方程模型（Structural Equation Model，SEM）分析，对越南北部山区省份少数民族自由迁徙在迁入、迁出及移民群体层面产生的负面影响进行评估。据此，本文为地方政府提出政策建议，以限制负面影响、保障可持续发展目标的实现。本文的分析结果有助于全面认识越南自由迁徙所带来的负面影响，而越南在解决该问题上的政策实践，也可为全球自由迁徙态势的数据分析研究提供参考依据。