Parkes observations for project P1050 semester 2022OCTS_10

This is a request for the observation time for the timing campaign of new pulsars discovered in the reprocessing of the low-latitude Galactic plane section of the HTRU-S survey (HTRU-S LowLat) and the Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey (PMPS). We have completed 90 % of the HTRU-S LowLat survey and completed zero acceleration PMPS search with GPU-based coherent acceleration search, template bank, and fast folding algorithm pipelines and now have discovered 115 previously unknown pulsars among which 20 were found in the PMPS. Interesting science can usually only be derived from a new pulsar after confirmation, and a follow-up timing campaign is carried out. At least one year of initial timing is the minimum timespan required to fully characterise any newly-discovered pulsars, essential for deriving pulsar parameters such as the characteristic age, magnetic field strength, and spin-down rate, as well as for detecting any unexpected behaviour of the pulsar which might result from emission instabilities. This project is necessary for the timing of several interesting pulsars, including binary pulsars, high DM pulsars, scattered profile pulsars, and bright ones that show emissions in larger bandwidths in the UWL band. The follow-up timing in OCTS22 will assist in completing many exciting large-term science goals. In addition, the data obtained from this timing project will allow us to obtain many auxiliary scientific results which would help us understand the nature of the interstellar medium, spectral properties as well as pulsar emission mechanism.

本申请旨在为HTRU-S巡天低银纬银道面区域（HTRU-S LowLat）与帕克斯多波束脉冲星巡天（Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey，PMPS）的再处理工作中发现的新脉冲星，申请其计时观测项目所需的观测时长。目前我们已完成HTRU-S LowLat巡天90%的观测任务，并采用基于图形处理器（Graphics Processing Unit，GPU）的相干加速搜寻、模板库及快速折叠算法流程，完成了PMPS巡天的零加速度搜寻工作，总计发现115颗此前未被报道的脉冲星，其中20颗来自PMPS巡天。新发现的脉冲星通常仅在得到确认并开展后续计时观测后，才能产出有价值的科学成果。为完整表征任意一颗新发现脉冲星的物理特性，至少需要为期一年的初始计时观测，这是推导脉冲星特征年龄、磁场强度、自转减速率等关键参数，以及探测由射电辐射不稳定性引发的脉冲星异常行为的必要前提。本项目针对多类具备研究价值的脉冲星开展计时观测，包括双星脉冲星、高色散量（Dispersion Measure，DM）脉冲星、星际散射展宽轮廓脉冲星，以及在UWL波段具备宽频射电辐射的亮脉冲星。本次OCTS22项目的后续计时观测，将助力我们达成多项极具意义的长期科学目标。此外，本计时项目获取的观测数据还将支撑多项辅助科学研究，帮助我们深入理解星际介质的物理特性、射电频谱特征以及脉冲星的辐射机制。