Supplementary Material for: Using Virtual Therapy for Lymphedema and Disability Post-Mastectomy: Meta-Analysis with Systematic Review

Introduction: This review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of virtual reality (VR) therapy on lymphedema and disability management in post-mastectomy breast cancer patients, following PRISMA protocol.
Methods: Databases were extensively searched, including Wiley Online Library, ProQuest, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and SAGE Journals, covering studies from January 2016 to August 2024. This review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Results: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings indicate VR therapy effectively reduces post-mastectomy lymphedema and aids upper limb disability rehabilitation, with sessions lasting 10 to 50 minutes. The meta-analysis statistics showed a significant decrease in disability, measured by the DASH scale, with an effect size of -0.931 (Z score = -2.713, p = .007) and a 95% confidence interval of -1.604 to -0.259.
Conclusions: These results strongly support VR’s efficacy in managing lymphedema and disability, recommending its integration into routine care at oncology centers and hospitals. This article explains compelling evidence that VR is effective in helping patients with lymphedema manage their disabilities. Rehabilitation programs using VR after mastectomy should be incorporated into the daily care in oncology centers and hospitals. Further interventional studies are needed to strengthen evidence and refine VR’s clinical application.