The effect of long-term planting of poplar trees on the morphology and yield of neighboring summer maize on cropland

With the continuous intensification of urbanization, there has been a large-scale abandonment and non-agricultural transfer of cropland. In order to avoid losses caused by abandonment, farmers working in cities have converted part of their farmland into economic forests. However, this transfer not only reduces the direct food loss caused by the reduction of cropland area, but also indirectly affects the food production of neighboring cropland. Therefore, in this study, five agroforestry interfaces were selected to explore the effects of long-term planting of economic forests on the production process of neighboring crops, using the most common economic forest species (poplar) and a typical crop (summer corn) as examples. The results showed that long-term planting of poplar had a significant effect on the morphological structure, yield and dry matter distribution of neighboring summer maize. The influence distance decreased with the increase of distance. The distance of influence on morphological structure was 5-6 meters, and the distance of influence on yield and dry matter distribution was 4 meters. The process of dry matter distribution had different effects on final yield and total dry matter of summer maize. Therefore, this study is of great significance for evaluating the impact of cropland transfer to forest land.

随着城市化进程持续加剧，耕地出现大规模撂荒与非农流转现象。为规避撂荒造成的损失，进城务工农户将部分耕地改造为经济林。然而此类流转行为不仅减少了因耕地面积缩减直接引发的粮食损耗，还会间接影响周边耕地的粮食生产。因此，本研究选取5种农林业界面，以最常见的经济林树种（杨树，poplar）与典型作物（夏玉米，summer corn）为研究对象，探究长期种植经济林对周边作物生产过程的影响。研究结果表明，长期种植杨树对周边夏玉米的形态结构、产量及干物质分配均具有显著影响，且影响距离随与林带间距的增加而减小。其中对形态结构的影响距离为5-6米，对产量与干物质分配的影响距离为4米。干物质分配过程对夏玉米最终产量和总干物质的影响存在差异。综上，本研究对于评估耕地转林的影响具有重要意义。