Snowmelt lysimeter chemistry data from Soddie, Subnivean, Saddle and TB site, 1993 - 2013.

Snowmelt lysimeters were located at the soddie and subnivean sites on Niwot Ridge from 1993 to 2013, with the larger array located at the soddie site. The soddie lysimeter array is a collection of 105 snowmelt lysimeters that collect discharge measurements at the base of the snowpack. Each lysimeter is a polyethylene pan with 22 cm high vertical walls and 47 cm by 39.5 cm in horizontal extent resulting in a footprint area of ~1,850 cm2. The height of the lysimeter walls prevent both the loss of water out of the lysimeters and the influx of water from saturated zones along the snow-soil interface [Kattelmann, 2000]. Many lysimeters were functional at the soddie site during spring snowmelt (April through July) for water years 1993 through 2013. The 1998 water year had only 36 lysimeters installed. From 1999 through 2001, the array was organized as a two meter grid nested within a four meter grid. In the 2002 water year, 15 of lysimeters on the perimeter were relocated to increase the density of the inner grid. Lysimeters were moved from locations of low snow accumulation on the eastern edge and a region that collects debris during melt on the western edge. By 2010 the number of snowmelt lysimeters at the soddie was reduced to 6. Meltwater collected by the lysimeters flowed to an underground laboratory through flexible PVC piping into Rainwise Rainew Tipping Bucket Rain Gauges. 250ml sample bottles were placed above the tipping buckets at some locations to collect snowmelt from the lysimeters for chemical analysis. Samples were collected once to twice daily depending on snowmelt rates. Upon sample collection some of the snowmelt sample collected in the 250ml bottle was poured off into a 30ml glass bottle for oxygen isotope analysis. Snowmelt samples were collected and analyzed for cations and anions at the Mountain Research Station's Kiowa Laboratory previously, and INSTAAR's Arikaree lab currently.