Parkes observations for project P1050 semester 2022OCTS_12

This is a request for the observation time for the timing campaign of new pulsars discovered in the reprocessing of the low-latitude Galactic plane section of the HTRU-S survey (HTRU-S LowLat) and the Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey (PMPS). We have completed 90 % of the HTRU-S LowLat survey and completed zero acceleration PMPS search with GPU-based coherent acceleration search, template bank, and fast folding algorithm pipelines and now have discovered 115 previously unknown pulsars among which 20 were found in the PMPS. Interesting science can usually only be derived from a new pulsar after confirmation, and a follow-up timing campaign is carried out. At least one year of initial timing is the minimum timespan required to fully characterise any newly-discovered pulsars, essential for deriving pulsar parameters such as the characteristic age, magnetic field strength, and spin-down rate, as well as for detecting any unexpected behaviour of the pulsar which might result from emission instabilities. This project is necessary for the timing of several interesting pulsars, including binary pulsars, high DM pulsars, scattered profile pulsars, and bright ones that show emissions in larger bandwidths in the UWL band. The follow-up timing in OCTS22 will assist in completing many exciting large-term science goals. In addition, the data obtained from this timing project will allow us to obtain many auxiliary scientific results which would help us understand the nature of the interstellar medium, spectral properties as well as pulsar emission mechanism.

本申请旨在申请观测时长，用于对HTRU-S巡天（HTRU-S LowLat）低银纬银道面区域与帕克斯多波束脉冲星巡天（PMPS）的再处理中发现的新脉冲星开展计时观测项目。目前我们已完成HTRU-S LowLat巡天90%区域的观测数据再处理，并基于图形处理器（Graphics Processing Unit，GPU）实现了相干加速搜索、模板库与快速折叠算法流程的零加速PMPS搜索，现已发现115颗此前未被记录的脉冲星，其中20颗来自PMPS巡天。新发现的脉冲星通常仅在完成观测确认并开展后续计时观测项目后，才能产出有价值的科学成果。为完整表征每一颗新发现脉冲星的物理特性，至少需要为期一年的初始计时观测，这是获取脉冲星特征年龄、磁场强度、自转减速率等关键参数，以及探测由射电辐射不稳定性引发的脉冲星异常行为的必要条件。本项目针对多类具有重要科学价值的脉冲星开展计时观测，包括双星脉冲星、高色散量（Dispersion Measure，DM）脉冲星、展宽轮廓脉冲星，以及在UWL波段拥有宽频辐射的亮脉冲星。OCTS22项目中的后续计时观测将助力我们达成多项极具意义的长期科学目标。此外，本计时项目获取的观测数据还将产出多项辅助科学成果，助力我们深入理解星际介质特性、射电频谱特性以及脉冲星辐射机制。