Protein adsorption on biodegradable mikro/nanofibre materials for tissue engineering

Due to their specific properties, nanofibrous materials are increasingly used in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Nanofibrous materials can be used as tissue scaffolds for injured (damaged) tissue. The main factor for tissue scaffolds is their biocompatibility. One of the main factors influencing the organism's physiological response is the interaction of the material with proteins. Proteins adsorbed on the material's surface give the tissue scaffolds a "biological identity". Cells in the organism subsequently interact with proteins adsorbed on the material's surface and determine the entire organism's response to the implanted material. This work deals with the influence of the morphology and chemical composition of polyester nanofibrous materials on the adsorption of proteins. The materials produced by electrospinning (DC spinning) were characterised from the point of view of morphology and wettability. Then, the adsorption of weakly and strongly bound proteins on the fibre surface was evaluated. Cell adhesion and proliferation on the tested materials were also observed. The results of protein adsorption were compared with the results of cell adhesion and proliferation to determine the effect of the amount of adsorbed proteins on the interaction of cells with the tested materials.