Table3.XLS

HIGHLIGHTSMetabolites and transcripts related to plant physiology in salt stress conditions, especially to the recovery process were disclosed in peanut.Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is considered as a moderately salt-sensitive species and thus soil salinity can be a limiting factor for peanut cultivation. To gain insights into peanut plant physiology in response to salt stress and alleviation, we comprehensively characterized leaf relative electrolyte leakage (REC), photosynthesis, leaf transpiration, and metabolism of plants under salt stress and plants that were subjected to salt stress followed by salt alleviation period. As expected, we found that REC levels were higher when plants were subjected to salt stress compared with the untreated plants. However, in contrast to expectations, REC was even higher compared with salt treated plants when plants were transferred from salt stress to standard conditions. To decipher REC variation in response to salt stress, especial during the recovery, metabolite, and transcript variations were analyzed by GC/MS and RNA-seq method, respectively. Ninety two metabolites, among total 391 metabolites identified, varied in response to salt and 42 metabolites responded to recovery specially. Transcriptomics data showed 1,742 in shoots and 3,281 in roots transcript varied in response to salt stress and 372 in shoots and 1,386 transcripts in roots responded specifically to recovery, but not salt stress. Finally, 95 transcripts and 1 metabolite are indicated as candidates involved in REC, photosynthesis, transpiration, and Na+ accumulation variation were revealed by using the principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis. This study provides valuable information on peanut response to salt stress and recovery and may inspire further study to improve salt tolerance in peanut germplasm innovation.

本研究揭示了在盐胁迫条件下，与植物生理相关的代谢物和转录本信息，尤其是花生在恢复过程中的相关特征。花生（Arachis hypogaea L.）被认为是一种对盐分具有一定敏感性的物种，因此土壤盐分浓度可能成为花生栽培的限制性因素。为了深入了解花生植物在盐胁迫及缓解条件下的生理反应，我们全面分析了盐胁迫及盐分缓解期下植物的叶片相对电解质渗漏（REC）、光合作用、叶片蒸腾作用和代谢特征。如预期，我们发现，与未处理植物相比，在盐胁迫条件下，植物的REC水平更高。然而，与预期相反，当植物从盐胁迫状态转移至标准条件时，REC甚至高于盐处理植物。为了阐明REC在盐胁迫及恢复过程中的变化，我们分别通过气相色谱/质谱联用（GC/MS）和RNA测序（RNA-seq）方法分析了代谢物和转录本的变异。在总共识别的391种代谢物中，有92种代谢物对盐分变化敏感，其中42种代谢物对恢复过程特别敏感。转录组数据分析显示，在茎部有1,742个转录本，在根部有3,281个转录本对盐胁迫产生反应，而在茎部有372个转录本，在根部有1,386个转录本对恢复过程产生特异性反应，而非盐胁迫。最后，通过主成分分析（PCA）和相关性分析，揭示了95个转录本和1个代谢物作为参与REC、光合作用、蒸腾作用和Na+积累变异的候选基因。本研究为花生对盐胁迫及恢复的反应提供了宝贵信息，并可能启发进一步的研究，以促进花生种质资源在耐盐性方面的创新。