Transcriptome sequencing data of zebrafish treated with extremely small iron oxide nanoparticles

In this study, we applied Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) to a zebrafish model and perform weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in zebrafish embryos of 48 hpf, 72 hpf, 96 hpf, and 120 hpf using RNA-seq technology. The key hub genes related to neurotoxicity and ferroptosis were identified, and further experiments also demonstrated that IONPs impaired the neuronal and muscle development of zebrafish, and induced ferroptosis, leading to oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, and inflammatory response. Here, for the first time, we analyzed the potential toxic effects of IONPs through WGCNA. Our studies indicated that IONPs might have neurotoxicity and could induce ferroptosis, while abnormal accumulation of iron ions might increase the risk of early degenerative neurological diseases.