Rapid Documentation of Avi-faunal diversity of Bethuadahari Wildlife Sanctuary, Nadia, West Bengal, India

The publication titled "The Rapid Documentation of Avi-faunal Diversity of Bethuadahari Wildlife Sanctuary, Nadia, West Bengal, India" has been published by Nature Mates Nature Club. The establishment of this wildlife sanctuary in 1980 aimed to safeguard a specific area of the Central Gangetic alluvial ecozone, situated beside NH-34 in the Nadia district of West Bengal, India. The sanctuary, spanning approximately 67 hectares and situated amidst agricultural lands and rural settlements, was established with the primary objectives of safeguarding, preserving, and conserving native flora and fauna, while also fostering education on biodiversity conservation. The wildlife sanctuary was officially designated to that effect on August 19, 1998, by the Department of Forest, Government of West Bengal. The sanctuary provides a habitat for a tropical moist deciduous forest, characterised by the presence of various tree species in the upper canopy, including Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. F.), Arjun (Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.), Siris (Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.), Sissoo (Delbergia sissoo Roxb.), Sal (Shorea robusta Gaertn.), Mahogany (Swietenia macrophyla King), and Ficus (Ficus spp.). The middle and lower canopy, which exhibits less distinct boundaries, consists of various plant species including Syzigium cumini (Jamun), Cassia sp. (Minjiri), Aegle marmelos (Bael), Annona squamosa Linn (Atha), and Polyalthia suberosa (Roxb.) (Hamjam).The ground vegetation is predominantly composed of shrubs such as Cassia tora Linn, Ageratum sp., and Polygonum spp., along with various species of Colocasia. In addition, the ecosystem comprises of various sparsely distributed grass species, including Imperata sp. (commonly known as Ulloo grass), Paspalum sp., Panicum sp., Cynodon sp., and Brachiaria sp. These grasses contribute to the formation of a heterogeneous landscape characterised by alternating patches of green vegetation and exposed soil. The sanctuary boasts a multitude of natural trails. During daylight hours, tourists have the opportunity to leisurely walk amidst the pleasant sounds of birds chirping and cooing, as well as observe grazing chitals. The soil composition in the region is characterised by the Gangetic riverine, Ganga flat, and Ganga lowland associations. The climate of this region is distinguished by warm summers, consistently high levels of humidity throughout the year, and evenly distributed precipitation. The Sanctuary is renowned for its deer insemination programme, which has garnered significant attention. In addition to this, the Sanctuary boasts a substantial population of various species, including jackals, Bengal foxes, porcupines, Asian palm Civet cats, Jungle Cats, Small civet Cats, Black Napped Hares, and common langurs. In addition to the presence of mammalian fauna, the region sustains a diverse array of avian and reptilian species. The region is also inhabited by a population of Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus). The current dataset encompasses rapid documentation of avian species observed during a visit to the sanctuary spanning from January 5th, 2021 to January 7th, 2021. All species that have been identified have been categorised and classified at the level of either genus or species. The research conducted in this study recorded the existence of a total of 73 avian species. These species were further categorised into 40 separate families and 14 distinct orders.

《印度西孟加拉邦纳迪亚县贝图达哈里野生动物保护区鸟类区系多样性快速调查》相关研究成果由自然之友自然俱乐部（Nature Mates Nature Club）发布。该保护区于1980年设立，旨在保护印度西孟加拉邦纳迪亚县紧邻NH-34国道的恒河中游冲积生态区特定片区。保护区占地约67公顷，坐落于农田与乡村聚落之间，其设立初衷为保护本土动植物群落，并推广生物多样性保护相关科普教育。1998年8月19日，西孟加拉邦政府林业部门正式批复设立该保护区。该保护区为热带湿润落叶林提供了栖息环境，上层冠层分布有多种乔木，包括柚木（Tectona grandis Linn. F.）、阿江榄仁（Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.)）、大叶合欢（Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.）、印度黄檀（Delbergia sissoo Roxb.）、娑罗双（Shorea robusta Gaertn.）、桃花心木（Swietenia macrophyla King）以及榕属植物（Ficus spp.）。中层与下层冠层边界相对模糊，包含多种植物，如蒲桃（Syzigium cumini，又称Jamun）、决明属植物（Cassia sp.，又称Minjiri）、木橘（Aegle marmelos，又称Bael）、番荔枝（Annona squamosa Linn，又称Atha）以及暗罗属植物（Polyalthia suberosa (Roxb.)，又称Hamjam）。地表植被以灌木为主，包括决明（Cassia tora Linn）、藿香蓟属植物（Ageratum sp.）、萹蓄属植物（Polygonum spp.）以及多种芋属植物（Colocasia spp.）。此外，该生态系统还分布有多种稀疏生长的草本植物，包括白茅属植物（Imperata sp.，俗称Ulloo草）、雀稗属植物（Paspalum sp.）、黍属植物（Panicum sp.）、狗牙根属植物（Cynodon sp.）以及臂形草属植物（Brachiaria sp.）。这些草本植物共同塑造了由绿色植被斑块与裸露土壤交错分布的异质性景观。保护区内设有多条自然步道。日间游客可漫步于林间，聆听鸟鸣啁啾，同时观赏觅食的轴鹿（chitals）。该区域土壤类型属于恒河河漫滩、恒河阶地与恒河低地组合。该区域气候特征为夏季炎热，全年湿度较高，降水分布均匀。该保护区因其鹿类人工授精项目而广受关注。除此之外，保护区内还栖息有大量野生动物，包括金豺、孟加拉狐、豪猪、亚洲棕榈狸、丛林猫、小灵猫、黑枕野兔以及普通叶猴。除哺乳类动物外，该区域还拥有丰富的鸟类与爬行类物种，同时栖息有恒河鳄（Gavialis gangeticus）。本数据集涵盖了2021年1月5日至1月7日对该保护区进行快速调查时记录的鸟类物种。所有已鉴定的物种均按属或种级别进行了分类整理。本研究共记录到73种鸟类，这些鸟类分属14目、40科。