Anthropogenic nesting substrates increase parental fitness in a Neotropical songbird, the Pale-breasted Thrush (Turdus leucomelas)

The failure of breeding attempts is a major hindrance to bird reproduction, making nest site choice under strong selective pressure. Urbanization may offer lower risk of nest predation to certain bird species, but the impact of using anthropogenic structures as nesting sites on parental fitness is seldom studied. We studied the effect of anthropogenic substrates and brood parasitism by the Shiny Cowbird (Molothrus bonariensis) on the nest success of a Neotropical songbird, the Pale-breasted Thrush (Turdus leucomelas). We monitored 263 nesting attempts between 2017 and 2020 to estimate daily survival rate (DSR), which represents the probability of a given nest survive until the next day. DSR was modelled as a response variable in function of substrate type (plants as “natural” or human buildings as “artificial”) and brood parasitism as fixed factors, using as covariates year, a linear and a quadratic seasonal trends. Additionally, we tested the effect of these same explanatory variables ..., , , # Data from: Anthropogenic nesting substrates increase parental fitness in a Neotropical songbird, the Pale-breasted Thrush (Turdus leucomelas) [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.0k6djhb63](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.0k6djhb63) Data on nesting attempts of the Pale-breasted Thrush (*Turdus leucomelas*) in southeast of Brazil. ## Description of the data and file structure These data were gathered by monitoring nests of the study species in two periurban areas of southeast of Brazil and report basical information about nest success and other variables, such as year, study site (São Carlos or Rio Claro municipalities), type of nesting substrate (human-buildings or trees) and the presence of brood parasitism by the Shiny Cowbird (*Molothrus bonariensis*). Other information include the day of the breeding season each nest was first and last checked, its age at discovering and its fate (successful, when at least one thrush chick survived until fledging or failed otherwise), as described bel...繁殖尝试失败是制约鸟类繁殖的核心阻碍，使得巢址选择面临极强的选择压力。城市化或可为部分鸟类物种带来更低的巢捕食风险，但利用人为结构作为筑巢位点对亲本适合度（parental fitness）的影响却鲜有研究。我们针对新热带鸣禽淡胸鸫（Pale-breasted Thrush, *Turdus leucomelas*），研究了人为基质与辉牛鹂（Shiny Cowbird, *Molothrus bonariensis*）巢寄生（brood parasitism）对其巢成功率的影响。2017至2020年间，我们共监测263次筑巢尝试，以估算日存活率（daily survival rate, DSR）——即某一巢存活至次日的概率。我们以日存活率作为响应变量，以巢基质类型（以植物为“自然”基质、以人工建筑为“人工”基质）和巢寄生情况作为固定因子，并以年份、线性及二次季节趋势作为协变量构建统计模型。此外，我们还检验了上述相同解释变量的效应……，数据来源：《人为筑巢基质提升新热带鸣禽淡胸鸫（*Turdus leucomelas*）的亲本适合度》 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.0k6djhb63] 巴西东南部淡胸鸫（*Turdus leucomelas*）筑巢尝试数据集。 ## 数据与文件结构说明 本数据集通过对巴西东南部两处城郊区域的研究物种巢穴开展监测获取，记录了巢成功率相关基础信息及其他变量，包括年份、研究样地（圣卡洛斯或里奥克拉罗自治市）、筑巢基质类型（人工建筑或树木）以及辉牛鹂（*Molothrus bonariensis*）巢寄生的发生情况。其余信息还包含各巢穴首次与末次被巡查的繁殖季日期、发现时的巢龄，以及巢穴结局（成功：至少有一只鸫雏鸟存活至离巢；失败：反之），详见下文……