POSTOPERATIVE OUTCOMES OF ENHANCED RECOVERY AFTER SURGERY VERSUS STANDARD CARE IN TOTAL JOINT ARTHROPLASTY: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

This study evaluated whether implementation of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol resulted in improved postoperative outcomes compared with standard perioperative care among patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty (TJA). The following hypotheses were tested: H1: There is a significant difference in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) between patients managed using ERAS and those receiving standard perioperative care. H2: There is a significant difference in postoperative pain scores between patients managed using ERAS and those receiving standard perioperative care. H3: There is a significant difference in the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) between patients managed using ERAS and those receiving standard perioperative care. H4: There is a significant difference in length of hospital stay (LOS) between patients managed using ERAS and those receiving standard perioperative care. Description of the Dataset The dataset was collected prospectively from adult patients undergoing elective primary total joint arthroplasty at a single specialized orthopaedic center in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Allocation to the ERAS pathway or standard perioperative care was not determined by the research team but rather by the routine, established clinical protocol of the attending orthopaedic surgeon. This pragmatic design was chosen to reflect real-world clinical decision-making and perioperative pathway implementation. A total of 76 participants were included, consisting of: ERAS group: 38 patients Standard care group: 38 patients Data were obtained through: Medical record review. Nursing documentation. ERAS pathway checklist. Postoperative nursing assessments. Clinical investigations and physician documentation. The dataset included both demographic and clinical outcome variables. Demographic Variables Age Gender Surgical diagnosis Treatment group (ERAS or standard care) Clinical Outcome Variables Pain score at 12 hours postoperatively Pain score at 24 hours postoperatively Pain score at 48 hours postoperatively Presence or absence of PONV Presence or absence of VTE Length of hospital stay Pain scores were measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), with scores ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). PONV and VTE were recorded as binary variables: 1 = Present 2 = Absent Length of stay was recorded as the total number of hospitalization days.本研究旨在评估加速康复外科（Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, ERAS）方案相较于标准围术期护理，对接受全关节置换术（total joint arthroplasty, TJA）的患者术后结局的改善效果。 本研究检验了以下四项假设： H1：采用ERAS方案管理的患者与接受标准围术期护理的患者，其术后恶心呕吐（postoperative nausea and vomiting, PONV）发生率存在显著差异。 H2：采用ERAS方案管理的患者与接受标准围术期护理的患者，其术后疼痛评分存在显著差异。 H3：采用ERAS方案管理的患者与接受标准围术期护理的患者，其静脉血栓栓塞症（venous thromboembolism, VTE）发生率存在显著差异。 H4：采用ERAS方案管理的患者与接受标准围术期护理的患者，其住院时长（length of hospital stay, LOS）存在显著差异。 ### 数据集概况 本数据集前瞻性收集自马来西亚吉隆坡某专科骨科中心的择期原发性全关节置换术成年患者。患者被分配至ERAS路径或标准围术期护理组并非由研究团队决定，而是由接诊骨科医师遵循既定的常规临床方案确定。本研究采用此类务实性研究设计，旨在反映真实临床决策与围术期路径实施的实际场景。 本研究共纳入76名受试者，其中： ERAS组：38例患者 标准护理组：38例患者 数据来源于以下途径： 1. 病历回顾 2. 护理文书 3. ERAS路径核查表 4. 术后护理评估 5. 临床检查与医师诊疗记录 数据集涵盖人口统计学变量与临床结局变量两类： #### 人口统计学变量 年龄、性别、手术诊断、治疗分组（ERAS或标准护理） #### 临床结局变量 术后12小时疼痛评分、术后24小时疼痛评分、术后48小时疼痛评分、有无术后恶心呕吐、有无静脉血栓栓塞症、住院时长 疼痛评分采用视觉模拟评分法（Visual Analog Scale, VAS）进行测量，评分范围为0分（无疼痛）至10分（可想象的最剧烈疼痛）。 术后恶心呕吐与静脉血栓栓塞症以二分类变量形式记录：1=存在，2=不存在。 住院时长以总住院天数进行记录。