2017 Mexican Post-Earthquake Survey

This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of PTSD symptoms and the psychometric properties of the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) in persons who experienced the 2017 earthquakes in Mexico. Methods: Study with a probabilistic sample of 1,539 participants from Mexico City, the State of Mexico, Chiapas, Puebla, Morelos and Oaxaca during November and December of 2017. The DTS was used to screen for symptoms of post-traumatic stress; its divergent validity, internal validity and factorial structure was analyzed with the Resilience Scale (RS-14). Results: The prevalence of PTSD symptoms was 34.6%, with greater effects on the inhabitants of Oaxaca, Morelos and Puebla, women, indigenous people and people who experienced damage to their homes (p = 0.001). The DTS had a moderate negative correlation with the RS-14 and a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.957. The confirmatory factor analysis generated four factors that explain 50% of the variance, compatible with a Dysphoria model. Conclusions: One in three people exposed to earthquakes had symptoms of post-traumatic stress. The application of the DTS on the Mexican population exposed to the 2017 earthquakes was reliable and the factorial structure showed four well-defined factors.

本研究旨在分析2017年墨西哥地震受灾人群中创伤后应激障碍（Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD）症状的患病率，以及戴维森创伤量表（Davidson Trauma Scale, DTS）的心理测量学特性。方法：本研究于2017年11月至12月期间，从墨西哥城、墨西哥州、恰帕斯州、普埃布拉州、莫雷洛斯州及瓦哈卡州招募1539名参与者组成概率样本开展研究。采用戴维森创伤量表（DTS）筛查创伤后应激症状，并结合韧性量表（Resilience Scale, RS-14）分析该量表的区分效度、内部效度及因子结构。结果：创伤后应激症状的患病率为34.6%，瓦哈卡州、莫雷洛斯州与普埃布拉州居民、女性、原住民及房屋受损人群受影响更为显著（p=0.001）。DTS与RS-14呈中等程度负相关，克朗巴赫α系数为0.957。验证性因子分析提取出4个因子，可解释50%的方差，契合烦躁不安（Dysphoria）模型。结论：每3名地震暴露人群中即有1名存在创伤后应激症状。针对2017年墨西哥地震受灾人群应用DTS具有良好的可靠性，其因子结构包含4个界定清晰的维度。