Phenotypic effects of the 20 chromosomal loci significantly associated with thousand-grain weight (TGW) in EI, ED or SD manners.

1The value in brackets indicates genetic distance (cM) along the given chromosome;2For the microsatellite marker, the size (bp) of the elite allele is given. For the diversity arrays technology (DArT) marker, the elite allele 1 indicates the presence of the locus;3The value in brackets indicates the number of varieties carrying the given elite allele in the association mapping population;4AT, association type; EI, ED and SD refer to environment-independent, environment-dependent, and site-dependent, respectively; IF, RF, RN, and RP indicate irrigated and fertilised, rainfed, reduced nitrogen, and reduced phosphorus treatments, respectively; HS, Hengshui; JY, Jiyuan.