Data_Sheet_14_Combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis of the resistance mechanism of quinoa seedlings to Spodoptera exigua.PDF

Quinoa has attracted considerable attention owing to its unique nutritional, economic, and medicinal values. The damage intensity of Spodoptera exigua at the seedling stage of quinoa fluctuates with the crop’s biological cycle and the environmental changes throughout the growing season. In this study, we used independently selected quinoa seedling resistant and susceptible cultivars to investigate the difference between insect resistance and insect susceptibility of quinoa at the seedling stage. Samples were collected when Spodoptera exigua 45 days after planting the seedlings, and broad targeted metabolomics studies were conducted using liquid chromatography-mass spectrophotometry combined with transcriptomic co-analysis. The metabolomic and genomic analyses of the insect-resistant and insect-susceptible quinoa groups revealed a total of 159 differential metabolites and were functionally annotated to 2334 differential genes involved in 128 pathways using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis. In total, 14 metabolites and 22 genes were identified as key factors for the differential accumulation of insect-resistant metabolites in quinoa seedlings. Among them, gene-LOC110694254, gene-LOC110682669, and gene-LOC110732988 were positively correlated with choline. The expression of gene-LOC110729518 and gene-LOC110723164, which were notably higher in the resistant cultivars than in the susceptible cultivars, and the accumulations of the corresponding metabolites were also significantly higher in insect-resistant cultivars. These results elucidate the regulatory mechanism between insect resistance genes and metabolite accumulation in quinoa seedlings, and can provide a basis for the breeding and identification of new insect-resistant quinoa cultivars as well as for screening potential regulatory metabolites of quinoa insect-resistant target genes.

藜麦因其独特的营养价值、经济价值和药用价值而备受关注。在生长季节内，斯氏夜蛾（Spodoptera exigua）对藜麦幼苗的损害程度随着作物生物周期和环境的变迁而波动。在本研究中，我们选取了独立筛选的抗性及易感品种的藜麦幼苗，以探究藜麦幼苗阶段昆虫抗性与易感性的差异。在播种45天后，采集斯氏夜蛾样本，并采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术结合转录组共分析，开展了广谱靶向代谢组学研究。对昆虫抗性和易感藜麦组的代谢组和基因组分析揭示了共计159种差异代谢物，并利用京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）分析对这些差异代谢物进行了功能注释，涉及2334个差异基因，这些基因参与128个通路。总计识别出14种代谢物和22个基因，它们是藜麦幼苗中昆虫抗性代谢物差异积累的关键因素。其中，基因LOC110694254、基因LOC110682669和基因LOC110732988与胆碱呈正相关。在抗性品种中显著高表达的基因LOC110729518和基因LOC110723164，以及相应的代谢物在抗性品种中的积累也显著较高。这些研究结果阐明了昆虫抗性基因与藜麦幼苗代谢物积累之间的调控机制，并为培育和鉴定新的昆虫抗性藜麦品种以及筛选藜麦昆虫抗性目标基因的潜在调控代谢物提供了依据。