Adult Black Sea Bass (Centropristis striata) winter survival and lipid accumulation under varying diet and temperature conditions from a laboratory mesocosm experiment (Oct 2022 to Apr 2023) with individuals collected in Long Island Sound

This dataset contains measurements from a laboratory mesocosm experiment (Oct 2022 to Apr 2023) with adult Black Sea Bass (Centropristis striata) collected in Long Island Sound. Fish in this experiment were collected concurrently with fish sampled for a related wild-caught dataset (see 'Related Datasets' section). Study description: We experimentally examined overwintering potential of adult Black Sea Bass (Centropristis striata), an ecologically and economically important fish that seasonally migrates from offshore overwintering grounds to coastal feeding and nursery areas. We collected adults from Long Island Sound in September 2022 and reared them in a laboratory-mesocosm experiment under a contemporary seasonal temperature profile for Long Island Sound (LIS; October 2022 – April 2023) to assess their potential to survive and accumulate lipids throughout the winter. We also fed experimental adults two diet items (blue mussels and Atlantic herring), which are commonly found in Long Island Sound. In addition, we sampled fish from the same reef in LIS at the start (October) and end (April) of the experiment to identify lipid dynamics in wild fish that migrate offshore (see \"Related Datasets\" section for wild fish data). Experimental C. striata growth throughout the winter was negligible with high mortality (> 50% observed). While survivors fed herring had higher tissue lipid contents, mortality was 2x higher than for fish fed mussels. In contrast, to the experimental fish, wild-captured fish in the spring had higher gonadosmatic indices than that for survivors across both diet treatments, which was most similar to fall-captured fish. While some fish survived throughout the winter, current winter bottom temperatures still preclude a year-round C. striata presence within Long Island Sound. Overwintering inshore is still disadvantageous compared to seasonally migrating due to surviving experimental fish having lower gonadosomatic indices, suggesting that the offshore overwintering period is a time to build energy reserves. However, as coastal waters continue to warm, changing conditions could lead populations to become year-round residents of Long Island Sound, thus increasing C. striata abundance.本数据集包含2022年10月至2023年4月期间开展的实验室中宇宙实验（mesocosm experiment）所获取的测量数据，实验对象为采集自长岛湾（Long Island Sound）的成年黑海鲈（Black Sea Bass, Centropristis striata）。本实验所用鱼类与同期为相关野生数据集采样的鱼类为同一批次（详见"相关数据集"章节）。 研究概况： 我们通过实验探究了成年黑海鲈（Centropristis striata）的越冬潜力。该鱼种兼具重要生态与经济价值，会季节性从近海越冬场洄游至近岸觅食与育幼场所。我们于2022年9月从长岛湾采集成年个体，于2022年10月至2023年4月期间，在模拟长岛湾当代季节温度梯度的实验室中宇宙系统中开展饲养实验，以评估其冬季存活与脂质积累潜力。实验中我们为受试鱼类投喂两种长岛湾常见饵料：蓝贻贝与大西洋鲱。 此外，我们在实验起始（10月）与结束（4月）阶段，从长岛湾同一礁区采样野生鱼类，以明确洄游至近海的野生鱼类的脂质动态变化（野生鱼类数据详见"相关数据集"章节）。实验期间，受试黑海鲈冬季生长可忽略不计，且死亡率极高（观测死亡率超50%）。 尽管投喂大西洋鲱的存活个体组织脂质含量更高，但其死亡率是投喂蓝贻贝组的2倍。与实验鱼类不同，春季采样的野生鱼类的性腺指数（gonadosomatic indices, GSI）高于两种饵料组的存活个体，该特征与秋季采样的野生鱼类最为接近。 尽管部分个体成功越冬，但当前冬季底层水温仍无法支持黑海鲈在长岛湾全年定居。与季节性洄游相比，近岸越冬仍存在劣势：存活个体的性腺指数更低，这表明近海越冬阶段是其积累能量储备的时期。然而，随着近岸水温持续升高，环境变化可能促使种群转变为长岛湾的全年定居种群，进而提升黑海鲈的种群丰度。