URINARY STONE DISEASE: ETIOLOGY, CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
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Urolithiasis, commonly known as urinary stone disease, refers to the formation of calculi (stones) within the urinary tract, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. It is a multifactorial disorder with increasing global prevalence, contributing significantly to patient morbidity and healthcare burden. This article discusses the pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, and current management strategies for urinary stone disease.
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Zenodo创建时间：
2026-03-23
