New model of clonal garden for the production of robusta coffee plantlets

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of cuttings of Coffea canephora genotypes, in a new system for training mother plants called “vertical clonal garden”. The proposed new system consists of training coffee plants with only one shoot and without bending the main shoot, so that the secondary orthotropic shoots, from which the clonal cuttings will be taken, are formed across the length of the stem in the vertical direction. The capacity for the production of cuttings of ten hybrid genotypes of coffee plants was evaluated over ten production cycles. The 'BRS 2314', 'BRS 3213', and 'BRS 3210' genotypes showed cutting production per cut of 425,000 cuttings per hectare, considered above the obtained average. The 'BRS 3193', 'BRS 2336', 'BRS 3220', and 'BRS 3137' genotypes were the least productive. Coffee plants trained in the “vertical clonal garden” system can produce about 425,000 cuttings per hectare per harvest period or about 1.275 million cuttings per hectare per year, over three harvest periods, with a greater ease in crop management and treatments.

摘要 本研究旨在评估采用“垂直无性系苗圃（vertical clonal garden）”这一新型母株培育体系时，刚果咖啡（Coffea canephora）基因型插穗的生产效能。该新型培育体系仅保留单条主梢且不弯折主茎，使次生直立侧梢沿茎干垂直方向均匀排布，后续可从中采集无性系插穗。本研究针对10个咖啡杂交基因型，开展了连续10个生产周期的插穗产能测评。其中‘BRS 2314’、‘BRS 3213’与‘BRS 3210’基因型的单位公顷插穗产量可达42.5万株，显著高于试验整体平均水平；‘BRS 3193’、‘BRS 2336’、‘BRS 3220’及‘BRS 3137’基因型则为产能最低的组别。采用“垂直无性系苗圃”体系培育的咖啡植株，单次采收周期内单位公顷可产约42.5万株插穗；若连续开展3个采收周期，年单位公顷总产能可达约127.5万株，且作物管理与相关处理的操作难度显著降低。