Exploring the Impact of Indonesian Herbal Saurauia vulcani (Korth.) Leaf Extract on rattus novergicus typhoid model induced by Salmonella Typhimurium

<b>Background.</b> Indonesia is still experiencing endemic cases of typhoid fever. So we need a compound that can affect the immune system to fight infection. Pirdot, which is the local name for Saurauia vulcani (Korth.), is widely used by the people of Simalungun and its surroundings. Pirdot leaves have the potential to be developed into raw materials for standardized herbal medicines because they contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids which can act as immunostimulants. <b>Objective</b>.Evaluate the effect of the ethanol extract of Saurauia vulcani (Korth.). leaves on the morphometric and histological spleen of rats induced with <i>Salmonella </i>Typhimurium. <b>Method</b>.This study used a true experimental with a posttest only control group design on rat spleens. This study consisted of 4 groups i.e.: a normal control group that received no treatment; a negative control group that was injected with <i>S</i><i>.</i><i> Typhimurium</i>; a positive control group that was injected with <i>S</i><i>.</i><i> Typhimurium</i> intraperitoneally and imboost orally; and a treatment group that was injected with <i>S</i><i>.</i><i> Typhimurium</i> and Saurauia vulcani (Korth.) 500 mg/kg BW leaf extract orally. The rats were then terminated and their spleens were collected for observation of spleen morphology and histology. <b>Results</b>.The mean body weight and spleen volume of rats in the treatment group (2.7138 ± 0.77 g; 2.6500 ± 0.79 mm3) was smaller than the positive control group (2.7450 ± 0.99 g; 2.6750 ± 0.99 mm3) but no significant difference statistically (p &gt; 0.05). Histologically, the normal control, positive control, and treatment groups had an identifiable white pulp structure in contrast to the negative group which had massive and unidentifiable tissue damage. <b>Conclusion</b>.The Saurauia vulcani Korth. leaves extract at a dose of 500 mg/kg BW can reduce the spleen weight and volume, although there was no significant differencein statistic, but it can improve spleen histology in rats induced by <i>S</i><i>.</i><i> Typhimurium</i>.