ROS-Responsive Nanoparticles for Bioimaging and Treating Acute Lung Injury by Improving the Homeostasis of Alveolar Macrophages

To reveal the molecular biological mechanism of RCMNs in the treatment of acute lung injury, MH-S Cells were stimulated by LPS and treated with RCMNs followed by RNA-seq transcriptome analysis.Functional enrichment analysis of the genes that exhibited significant differential expression following RCMNs treatment revealed their primary involvement in several key biological processes, including mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV assembly, oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly. These findings suggest that RCMNs exert their therapeutic effects by modulating the expression of genes critical to mitochondrial function and energy metabolism. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis has revealed that RCMs primarily exert their biological functions by modulating several key signaling pathways, including the Calcium signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. After acquiring RNA-Seq data derived from MH-S macrophages stimulated with RCMNs (1ug/mL) in the presence of LPS (100ng/mL), a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was conducted to decipher the transcriptome profiles and pinpoint differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Initially, the raw sequencing reads underwent meticulous quality control assessments utilizing tools such as FastQC, aimed at evaluating sequence quality metrics. These reads might have been subjected to preprocessing procedures, including adapter trimming and filtering, to eliminate low-quality sequences.