COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EXECUTION OF JUDGMENTS IN THE EUROPEAN AND INTER-AMERICAN HUMAN RIGHTS SYSTEMS

This paper examines the execution of judgments in the European and the Inter-American human rights systems and highlights differences in their effectiveness. The European system has shown greater efficacy owing to robust oversight mechanisms, such as the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, whereas the Inter-American system faces greater difficulties. Lack of resources, political resistance and the absence of effective national mechanisms limit the Inter-American system’s ability to deliver justice to victims. It is argued that the Inter-American system could benefit from adopting approaches like those of the European system, such as improving implementation mechanisms, increasing resources and expanding its scope to cover a wider range of human-rights violations. The involvement of civil society in supervision and pressure on states is another aspect of the European system that could be strengthened in the Inter-American context. Although both systems are fundamental to the promotion and protection of human rights, strengthening execution mechanisms in the Inter-American system is important to improve its effectiveness.本文探讨欧洲人权体系（European human rights system）与美洲国家间人权体系（Inter-American human rights system）的判决执行情况，并着重剖析二者在实施效能上的差异。得益于欧洲委员会部长委员会（Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe）等健全的监督机制，欧洲人权体系展现出更优的实施效能；而美洲国家间人权体系则面临更多困境。资源匮乏、政治阻力以及缺乏有效国内机制，制约了美洲体系为受害者实现司法正义的能力。有观点指出，美洲体系可借鉴欧洲体系的相关实践，例如完善执行机制、增加资源投入，并扩大适用范围以覆盖更广泛的人权侵害行为。此外，欧洲体系中民间社会参与监督并对成员国施加压力的做法，亦可在美洲体系中予以强化。尽管两大体系均为人权推广与保护的核心基石，但强化美洲体系的判决执行机制，对提升其整体效能而言至关重要。