Data supporting "The Domain-Specificity of Face Matching Impairments in 40 Cases of Developmental Prosopagnosia"

This dataset contains data from a sequential same/different matching task. For full details of the procedure, see the accompanying publication "The domain-specificity of face matching impairments in 40 cases of developmental prosopangosia" or Bobak, A. K., Bennetts, R. J., Parris, B. A., Jansari, A., & Bate, S. (2016). An in-depth cognitive examination of individuals with superior face recognition skills. Cortex, 82, 48-62.Participants: 40 individuals with developmental prosopagnosia and 60 individuals with typical face recognition ability (control). See accompanying paper for inclusion and exclusion criteria for each group. Participants are split into two age groups: younger (18-49 years old) and older (50-70 years old). The age (in years) of each participant is also included. Task design: There are three categories of objects included in the task: faces, hands, and houses. For each object category, there were both upright and inverted (upside-down) trials in the task. There are two version of data for the house conditions: one included all of the trials in the experiment (houses ORIG); the second (houses ADJ) included only half of the original trials, in order to equate difficulty between the face and house conditions. Measures: For each object/orientation combination, the following measures are included for each participant: hits: correct responses to trials which displayed the SAME identity in both images (as a proportion of total possible hits)correct rejections (CRs): correct responses to trials which displayed DIFFERENT identities in each image (as a proportion of total possible CRs)dprime: the signal detection theory measure d', which measures sensitivity (higher scores indicate better performance, chance performance = 0)c bias: the signal detection measure c, which measures response bias (scores above 0 indicate a tendency to say stimuli were not the same; scores below 0 indicate a tendency to say the stimuli were the same)same RT: average correct reaction time for trials in which the correct response was "same"different RT: average correct reaction time for trials in which the correct response was "different" RT: average correct reaction time for "same" and "different" trials See accompanying paper for additional details on data processing.

本数据集包含序列同/异匹配任务（sequential same/different matching task）的实验数据。实验流程的完整细节可参阅伴随发表的两篇文献：其一为《40例发育性面孔失认症（developmental prosopagnosia）患者面孔匹配障碍的领域特异性》；其二为Bobak AK、Bennetts RJ、Parris BA、Jansari A、Bate S于2016年发表于《Cortex》第82卷第48-62页的《对具有卓越面孔识别能力个体的深入认知检验》。

被试群体包含40名发育性面孔失认症患者与60名典型面孔识别能力者（对照组，control），两组的纳入与排除标准详见伴随论文。所有被试被划分为两个年龄组：青年组（18~49岁）与老年组（50~70岁），同时记录每名被试的实际年龄（单位：岁）。

任务设计：本次实验包含三类刺激物：面孔、手部与房屋。每类刺激物均设置正立与倒立（上下颠倒）两种试次类型。房屋条件存在两套数据版本：其一包含实验全部原始试次（标记为“房屋ORIG”）；其二（标记为“房屋ADJ”）仅选取半数原始试次，以平衡面孔与房屋任务的难度水平。

观测指标：针对每类刺激物与朝向的组合，每名被试的测试指标如下：
1. 击中率（hits）：对两张图像为同一身份的试次作出正确反应的比例（占总潜在击中数的比例）；
2. 正确拒斥率（correct rejections, CRs）：对两张图像为不同身份的试次作出正确反应的比例（占总潜在正确拒斥数的比例）；
3. d'值（dprime）：信号检测论（signal detection theory）指标d'，用于量化感知敏感性（分数越高代表表现越优，随机猜测水平对应得分为0）；
4. 反应偏向c（c bias）：信号检测论指标c，用于量化反应偏向（得分大于0表示个体倾向于判断刺激为“不同”，得分小于0则倾向于判断刺激为“相同”）；
5. 相同试次平均反应时（same RT）：正确判定为“相同”的试次的平均正确反应时；
6. 不同试次平均反应时（different RT）：正确判定为“不同”的试次的平均正确反应时；
7. 总平均正确反应时（RT）：“相同”与“不同”两类试次的整体平均正确反应时。

有关数据处理的更多细节，请参阅伴随论文。