Cognitive, psychological, and neurophysiological effects of a web-based mindfulness intervention in older adults

The study aims to evaluate cognitive, psychological, and physiological effects of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) delivered via web-based videoconference in 50 healthy older adults. This study was an open trial. We have not prespecified outcomes due to the exploratory design of the study. Fifty novice mindfulness practitioners were consecutively enrolled. The mean age of 50 older adults participating in MBI was 69.9+5.1 years. They were in prevalence female (74%) and highly educated (14.2+5.2 years). A comprehensive cognitive (verbal memory, attention and processing speed, executive functions) and psychological (depression and anxiety symptoms, mindfulness, worries, emotion regulation strategies, well-being, interoceptive awareness and sleep) evaluation and EEG recording were collected pre- and post-MBI and at 6-month follow-up (T6). We found significant improvement from pre-MBI to post-MBI and T6 on measures of verbal memory (California Verbal Learning Test), attention and executive functions (Trail Making test), interoceptive awareness (Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness), and rumination (Heidelberg Form for Emotion Regulation Strategies). EEG alpha1 significantly decreased and alpha2 significantly increased from pre-MBI to T6. The improvement of TMTBA and rumination correlated with alpha1 decrease and the improvement of TMTA with alpha2 increase. The database report cognitive, psychological, and EEG variables at pre-, post-MBI and 6-month follow-up. Data dictionary is included.

本研究旨在评估通过网络视频会议开展的正念干预（mindfulness-based intervention, MBI）对50名健康老年人的认知、心理及生理影响。本研究为开放试验，鉴于其探索性研究设计，未预先设定研究结局。50名正念练习新手被连续纳入本研究。参与MBI的50名老年人平均年龄为69.9±5.1岁，女性占比74%，且受教育程度较高，平均受教育年限为14.2±5.2年。研究分别在MBI干预前、干预后及6个月随访（T6）三个时间点，采集了全面的认知评估（涵盖言语记忆、注意力与加工速度、执行功能）、心理评估（涵盖抑郁与焦虑症状、正念水平、担忧情绪、情绪调节策略、幸福感、内感受觉知与睡眠状况）数据以及脑电图（electroencephalogram, EEG）记录。结果显示，从干预前至干预后及T6随访阶段，受试者在言语记忆（加州言语学习测试，California Verbal Learning Test）、注意力与执行功能（连线测试，Trail Making test）、内感受觉知（内感受觉知多维评估量表，Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness）以及反刍思维（情绪调节策略海德堡量表，Heidelberg Form for Emotion Regulation Strategies）的测评指标上均出现显著改善。从干预前至T6随访阶段，脑电图α1频段功率显著降低，α2频段功率显著升高。连线测试B部分（TMT-B）得分的改善与反刍思维的改善程度均与α1频段功率降低呈显著相关，而连线测试A部分（TMT-A）得分的改善则与α2频段功率升高呈显著相关。本数据集包含干预前、干预后及6个月随访阶段的认知、心理及脑电图变量，附带数据字典。