AERO-DETR Runway Dataset: A Georeferenced Benchmark for Runway Detection and Marking Recognition in High-Resolution Aerial Imagery

The AERO-DETR Runway Dataset is a georeferenced benchmark for runway detection and marking recognition from sub-meter aerial imagery. It covers 125 U.S. airports across five runway configuration categories (single, parallel, intersection, mixed, complex) with imagery from public-domain NAIP and NOAA archives at 0.42–0.72 m GSD. The dataset provides dual-level annotations: 1,038 oriented bounding boxes (OBBs) delineating individual runways, and 12,816 fine-grained marking polygons across eight classes aligned with RTCA DO-272 and FAA AC 150/5340-1M. Annotations are provided in LabelMe JSON format across 433 full-scene images and 995 orientation-normalized runway crops. The deposit includes georeferenced imagery (JPEG 2000), vector annotations, per-airport metadata, and reproducible Python pipelines for dataset creation and format conversion. See README.md for full documentation.