Exosomal subgroups isolated from MSCs by tangential flow filtration combined with size exclusion chromatography reals distinct molecular properties and functions

Here, by using TFF-SEC system to separate exosomal subgroups, our study provides an industrial-scale method for the scalable production of MSC exosomes with specific functions. The two exosome subgroups, S1-Exos and S2-Exos, differ in their biogenesis, characterization, and content of cargos, resulting in variations in their biological functions. Although stem cells have been widely used in clinical research and therapy, ineffectiveness or lack of stability still exists (26140604, 26908143). In spite of the well-known advantages of MSCs-Exos in clinical applications, our research introduces a new concept that involves leveraging distinct subpopulations of MSC exosomes for targeted therapeutic interventions in specific diseases. Overall design: Two exosomal subgroups were isolated from MSCs by tangential flow filtration combined with size exclusion chromatography, named S1-Exos and S2-Exos, respectively.