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Effects of changes in Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Zoning plans on reef base shoals of the Pompey, Swain and Capricorn-Bunker reefs (MTSRF Project 4.8.2)

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Research Data Australia2024-12-14 收录
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Surveys were undertaken in January/February 2009 (summer) at the Capricorn-Bunker, Pompey and Swains Groups on deepwater reef bases (shoals) in the Great Barrier Reef. In each survey, reefs were paired with one zoned 'green' (closed to fishing) and the other 'blue' (open to all fishing) - 16 pairs of reefs. The demersal habitats and vertebrate communities were sampled using non-extractive baited remote underwater video stations (BRUVS), which revealed a diverse (c360 species) fauna of fish, sharks, rays and sea snakes.Variables recorded:Habitat composition of underlying substratum (sand, rubble, consolidated outcrop or reef), and epibenthic community (hard coral, soft coral, sponge, macroalgae, whips and gorgonians, encrusting organisms, bare substratum) - estimated from BRUVS field of view as percentage cover of each component, to nearest 10 percent.Zone (Green, G; or Blue, B); Reef name; Habitat class (coral dominated reef; gorgonian and seawhip garden; low relief rubble field; algal meadow; open sandy seabed); Depth (m); Latitude and longitude (ship's GPS position at deployment).Fish species were placed in categories depending on the likelihood of being caught and retained by line fishers:Target species - (1,703 sightings, 21 species) the most desirable demersal fishes based on their market price and size, as well as their reef dwelling habits.Bycatch species - (5,510 sightings, 85 species) undersized juveniles of target species; undesirable fishes caught by line fishers; pelagic and semi-pelagic species retained for consumption, use as bait, or released alive; all sharks and rays likely to take a baited hook. Unfished species - (16,635 individuals, 251 species) those unlikely to be hooked because of dietary preferences or small size. To describe the fish fauna in relation to habitat and spatial and temporal variables on selected reef base shoals of the GBRMP.To present baseline fish community data from BRUVS surveys of 16 pairs of 'blue'(open to fishing) and 'green' (closed to fishing) zoned shoals in the GBRMP (32 reefs in total). Shoal survey locations: 20-348; 20-353; 21-060; 21-062; 21-064; 21-139; 21-187; 21-245; 21-278; 21-296; 21-302; 21-550; 21-558; 21-591; 22-084; Boult Reef; Broomfield Reef; Chinaman Reef; East Cay Reef; Erskine Reef; Fairfax Islands Reef; Hoskyn Islands Reef; Jenkins Reef; Lady Musgrave Reef; Mast Head Reef; North Reef (North); Penrith Reef; Pompey Reef No.1; Pompey Reef No.2; Small Lagoon Reef; Tern Reef; Wade Reef.This is one component in a series of surveys conducted as part of this MTSRF project, see also separate metadata records on:Southern mid-shelf shoals (East and West Warregos; Karamea and Barcoo Banks)Shoals off Cardwell Shoals off Cairns Magnetic Shoals (Townsville)Note that the 'Northern Shoals' of Cardwell, Cairns, and Magnetic Shoals have individual records as each region was analysed separately.Fish recorded (note that not all species/families were recorded at all locations):Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae (whaler sharks) Carcharhinus albimarginatus, C. amblyrhynchos; Galeocerdo cuvier; Triaenodon obesus - Sphyrnidae (hammerhead sharks)Rajiformes: Rhinidae (shark rays); Stegostomatidae (leopard sharks)Orectolobiformes: Ginglymostomatidae (nurse sharks) Nebrius ferrugineus - Hemiscylliidae (catsharks) Chiloscyllium punctatum - Myliobatidae (manta and eagle rays)Perciformes: Acanthuridae (surgeon-fishes) Acanthurus dussumieri - Caesionidae (fusiliers) Caesio cuning; Pterocaesio marri - Carangidae (trevallies) Carangoides chrysophrys, C. fulvoguttatus, C. gymnostethus; Caranx ignobilis; Gnathanodon speciosus; Pseudocaranx dentex - Chaetodontidae (butterflyfishes) Chaetodon rainfordi; Chelmon rostratus; Coradion altivelis - Echeneidae (suckerfishes) Echeneis naucrates - Grammistidae (soapfishes) Diploprion bifasciatum - Haemulidae (sweetlips) Diagramma pictum - Labridae (wrasses and tuskfish) Bodianus perditio; Cheilinus fasciatus; Choerodon cyanodus, C. fasciatus, C. gomoni, C. jordani, C. schoenleinii, C. venustus, C. vitta; Cirrhilabrus punctatus; Coris pictoides; Halichoeres zeylonicus; Labroides dimidiatus; Leptojulis cyanopleura; Oxycheilinus bimaculatus; O. digrammus; Suezichthys devisi - Lethrinidae (sweetlip emperors) Gymnocranius audleyi; G. grandoculis; Lethrinus genivittatus; Lethrinus laticaudis, L. miniatus, L. nebulosus, L. olivaceus, L. ravus, L. rubrioperculatus, L. semicinctus - Lutjanidae (snappers and sea perches) Aprion virescens, Lutjanus adetii, L. carponotatus, L. malabaricus, L. sebae, L. vitta; Symphorus nematophorus - Mullidae (goatfishes) Parupeneus barberinoides, P. barberinus, P. heptacanthus - Nemipteridae (threadfin bream) Pentapodus aureofasciatus; P. nagasakiensis; P. paradiseus; Scolopsis monogramma - Pinguipedidae (grubfishes) Parapercis xanthozona - Pomacanthidae (angelfishes) Chaetodontoplus meredithi; Pomacanthus semicirculatus; P. sexstriatus - Pomacentridae (damselfishes) Chromis nitida; Pomacentrus australis, P. nagasakiensis; Pristotis jerdoni - Rachycentridae (cobias) Rachycentron canadum - Scaridae (parrotfishes) Scarus flavipectoralis, S. schlegeli - Scombridae (mackerels and tunas) Gymnosarda unicolor; Scomberomorus commerson - Serranidae (groupers and coral cods) Cephalopholis boenak; C.sonnerati; Epinephelus coioides, E. fasciatus, E. malabaricus, E. quoyanus, E. undulatostriatus; Plectropomus laevis, P. leopardus, P. maculatus; Variola albimarginata; V. louti - Siganidae (rabbitfishes) Siganus argenteus, S. punctatusRhinobatiformes: Rhynchobatidae (sharkfin guitarfishes) Rhynchobatus djiddensisTetraodontiformes: Balistidae (triggerfishes) Abalistes stellatus; Sufflamen fraenatum - Tetraodontidae (pufferfish) Lagocephalus sceleratus

本调查于2009年1-2月(夏季)在大堡礁(Great Barrier Reef,GBR)的摩羯座-邦克尔群岛、庞皮群岛以及斯温群岛的深水礁基(浅滩,shoals)开展。本次调查中,所有礁体均按保护区类型配对:1组为禁渔的"绿色"(green)保护区,另1组为全面开放捕捞的"蓝色"(blue)保护区,共包含16对礁体。研究采用非抽取式诱饵远程水下视频站(baited remote underwater video stations,BRUVS)对底栖生境与脊椎动物群落进行采样,共记录到鱼类、鲨类、鳐类以及海蛇共计约360个物种类群。 记录变量如下:1. 基底生境组成:包括沙质、砾石、固结露头或礁体;2. 表底栖生物群落:包括硬珊瑚、软珊瑚、海绵、大型藻类、鞭珊瑚与柳珊瑚、附着生物以及裸露基底——上述变量均通过BRUVS的视场估算各组分的盖度百分比,精确至10%的整数倍。其他记录变量还包括:保护区类型(绿色G/蓝色B)、礁体名称、生境类型(珊瑚主导礁、柳珊瑚-海鞭群落、低起伏砾石场、藻草甸、开放沙质海床)、水深(m)以及部署时的船舶GPS经纬度坐标。 鱼类物种按延绳钓捕捞者的捕获与留存可能性分为以下三类:1. 目标鱼种:共计1703次观测记录,涵盖21个物种,指基于市场价值、体型以及礁栖习性被视为最具经济价值的底栖鱼类。2. 兼捕鱼种:共计5510次观测记录,涵盖85个物种,包括目标鱼种的未达标幼体、延绳钓捕捞者不喜捕获的鱼类、可供食用或用作饵料的中上层/近中上层鱼类(可活体放流),以及所有可能被诱饵钩捕获的鲨类与鳐类。3. 非捕捞鱼种:共计16635个个体记录,涵盖251个物种,指因食性偏好或体型过小而几乎不会被钓钩捕获的鱼类。 本研究旨在描述大堡礁海洋公园(Great Barrier Reef Marine Park,GBRMP)选定礁基浅滩中鱼类群落与生境、空间及时间变量之间的关联,并提供GBRMP内16对(共计32个礁体)开放捕捞的"蓝色"保护区与禁渔的"绿色"保护区浅滩的BRUVS调查鱼类群落基线数据。 本次调查的浅滩位点包括:20-348、20-353、21-060、21-062、21-064、21-139、21-187、21-245、21-278、21-296、21-302、21-550、21-558、21-591、22-084,以及博尔特礁(Boult Reef)、布鲁姆菲尔德礁(Broomfield Reef)、唐人礁(Chinaman Reef)、东凯礁(East Cay Reef)、厄斯金礁(Erskine Reef)、费尔法克斯群岛礁(Fairfax Islands Reef)、霍斯金群岛礁(Hoskyn Islands Reef)、詹金斯礁(Jenkins Reef)、马斯格雷夫夫人礁(Lady Musgrave Reef)、桅杆礁(Mast Head Reef)、北礁(北部,North Reef (North))、彭里斯礁(Penrith Reef)、庞皮1号礁(Pompey Reef No.1)、庞皮2号礁(Pompey Reef No.2)、小泻湖礁(Small Lagoon Reef)、燕鸥礁(Tern Reef)、韦德礁(Wade Reef)。 本数据集为MTSRF项目系列调查的组成部分,相关元数据记录还包括:南中陆架浅滩(东沃雷戈斯浅滩、西沃雷戈斯浅滩;卡拉米阿滩与巴科滩)、卡德韦尔近海浅滩、凯恩斯近海浅滩以及磁浅滩(汤斯维尔区域)。需注意:卡德韦尔、凯恩斯及磁浅滩的"北部浅滩"均有独立元数据记录,因各区域均单独开展了分析。 本次调查记录的鱼类及其他水生生物如下(注:并非所有物种/类群均在所有位点被记录): 1. 真鲨目(Carcharhiniformes):真鲨科(Carcharhinidae,尖齿鲨类):白边真鲨(Carcharhinus albimarginatus)、灰礁鲨(C. amblyrhynchos)、鼬鲨(Galeocerdo cuvier)、白顶礁鲨(Triaenodon obesus);双髻鲨科(Sphyrnidae,双髻鲨类) 2. 鳐形目(Rajiformes):犁头鳐科(Rhinidae,鲨鳐类)、豹纹鲨科(Stegostomatidae,豹纹鲨类) 3. 须鲨目(Orectolobiformes):铰口鲨科(Ginglymostomatidae,护士鲨类):巨斑须鲨(Nebrius ferrugineus);竹鲨科(Hemiscylliidae,猫鲨类):点纹斑竹鲨(Chiloscyllium punctatum);蝠鲼科(Myliobatidae,蝠鲼与鹰鳐类) 4. 鲈形目(Perciformes): - 刺尾鱼科(Acanthuridae,刺尾鱼):杜氏刺尾鱼(Acanthurus dussumieri) - 梅鲷科(Caesionidae,梅鲷):黄尾梅鲷(Caesio cuning)、Marri梅鲷(Pterocaesio marri) - 鲹科(Carangidae,鲹类):长鳍鲹(Carangoides chrysophrys)、黄斑鲹(C. fulvoguttatus)、裸胸鲹(C. gymnostethus)、珍鲹(Caranx ignobilis)、犁齿鲹(Gnathanodon speciosus)、假鲹(Pseudocaranx dentex) - 蝴蝶鱼科(Chaetodontidae,蝴蝶鱼):Rainford蝴蝶鱼(Chaetodon rainfordi)、尖嘴蝴蝶鱼(Chelmon rostratus)、高鳍蝴蝶鱼(Coradion altivelis) - 䲟科(Echeneidae,䲟鱼):长䲟(Echeneis naucrates) - 皂鲈科(Grammistidae,皂鲈):双带皂鲈(Diploprion bifasciatum) - 石鲈科(Haemulidae,石鲈):花石鲈(Diagramma pictum) - 隆头鱼科(Labridae,隆头鱼与猪齿鱼):斑猪齿鱼(Bodianus perditio)、横带唇鱼(Cheilinus fasciatus)、青猪齿鱼(Choerodon cyanodus)、带纹猪齿鱼(C. fasciatus)、Gomoni猪齿鱼(C. gomoni)、Jordan猪齿鱼(C. jordani)、Schoenleinii猪齿鱼(C. schoenleinii)、秀丽猪齿鱼(C. venustus)、条纹猪齿鱼(C. vitta)、点纹唇鱼(Cirrhilabrus punctatus)、彩斑盔鱼(Coris pictoides)、锡兰海猪鱼(Halichoeres zeylonicus)、裂唇鱼(Labroides dimidiatus)、蓝身大斑隆头鱼(Leptojulis cyanopleura)、双斑尖唇鱼(Oxycheilinus bimaculatus)、带纹尖唇鱼(O. digrammus)、戴氏苏彝士隆头鱼(Suezichthys devisi) - 裸颊鲷科(Lethrinidae,裸颊鲷):Gymnocranius audleyi、G. grandoculis、纹鳍裸颊鲷(Lethrinus genivittatus)、宽额裸颊鲷(L. laticaudis)、黄尾裸颊鲷(L. miniatus)、云纹裸颊鲷(L. nebulosus)、橄榄裸颊鲷(L. olivaceus)、Ravus裸颊鲷(L. ravus)、红盖裸颊鲷(L. rubrioperculatus)、半环裸颊鲷(L. semicinctus) - 笛鲷科(Lutjanidae,笛鲷与海鲈):Aprion virescens、Lutjanus adetii、红鳍笛鲷(L. carponotatus)、马拉巴笛鲷(L. malabaricus)、千年笛鲷(L. sebae)、条纹笛鲷(L. vitta)、Symphorus nematophorus - 羊鱼科(Mullidae,羊鱼):Parupeneus barberinoides、条带羊鱼(P. barberinus)、七带羊鱼(P. heptacanthus) - 金线鱼科(Nemipteridae,金线鱼):Pentapodus aureofasciatus、长身金线鱼(P. nagasakiensis)、天堂金线鱼(P. paradiseus)、单带眶棘鲈(Scolopsis monogramma) - 拟鲈科(Pinguipedidae,拟鲈):黄带拟鲈(Parapercis xanthozona) - 盖刺鱼科(Pomacanthidae,神仙鱼):Chaetodontoplus meredithi、半环刺盖鱼(Pomacanthus semicirculatus)、六带刺盖鱼(P. sexstriatus) - 雀鲷科(Pomacentridae,雀鲷):Chromis nitida、澳洲雀鲷(Pomacentrus australis)、长身雀鲷(P. nagasakiensis)、Pristotis jerdoni - 军曹鱼科(Rachycentridae,军曹鱼):军曹鱼(Rachycentron canadum) - 鹦嘴鱼科(Scaridae,鹦嘴鱼):黄胸鹦嘴鱼(Scarus flavipectoralis)、施氏鹦嘴鱼(S. schlegeli) - 鲭科(Scombridae,鲭与金枪鱼):裸狐鲣(Gymnosarda unicolor)、康氏马鲛(Scomberomorus commerson) - 鮨科(Serranidae,石斑与珊瑚鳕):Cephalopholis boenak、C. sonnerati、青石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)、带石斑鱼(E. fasciatus)、马拉巴石斑(E. malabaricus)、宽额鲈(E. quoyanus)、波纹石斑鱼(E. undulatostriatus)、侧带鲈(Plectropomus laevis)、豹纹鳃棘鲈(P. leopardus)、斑鳃棘鲈(P. maculatus)、Variola albimarginata、V. louti - 蓝子鱼科(Siganidae,蓝子鱼):银蓝子鱼(Siganus argenteus)、点蓝子鱼(S. punctatus) 5. 犁头鳐目(Rhinobatiformes):尖犁头鳐科(Rhynchobatidae,尖犁头鳐类):斑纹犁头鳐(Rhynchobatus djiddensis) 6. 鲀形目(Tetraodontiformes): - 鳞鲀科(Balistidae,扳机鱼):星鳞鲀(Abalistes stellatus)、带纹鳞鲀(Sufflamen fraenatum) - 鲀科(Tetraodontidae,河豚类):黑鳃兔头鲀(Lagocephalus sceleratus)
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Australian Institute of Marine Science
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