Table_1_Soybean isoflavones modulate gut microbiota to benefit the health weight and metabolism.pdf

Soybean isoflavones (SIs) are widely found in food and herbal medicines. Although the pharmacological activities of SIs have been widely reported, their effects on the intestinal microecology of normal hosts have received little attention. Five-week-old Kunming (KM) mice were administered SIs (10 mg/kg/day) for 15 days. Food intake, body weight, and digestive enzyme activity were measured. Small intestine microbiota, including lumen-associated bacteria (LAB) and mucosa-associated bacteria (MAB), were analyzed using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA) gene sequencing. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the mice that consuming SIs showed a higher food intake but a lower body weight gain rate than that of normal mice. Sucrase, cellulase, and amylase activities reduced, while protease activity increased after SIs intervention. Moreover, SIs increased the intestinal bacterial diversity in both LAB and MAB of normal mice. The composition of LAB was more sensitive to SIs than those of MAB. Lactobacillus, Adlercreutzia, Coprococcus, Ruminococcus, Butyricicoccus, and Desulfovibrio were the differential bacteria among the LAB of mice treated with SIs. In addition, acetic acid, valeric acid, isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, and caproic acid decreased, while butyric acid and propionic acid increased in the mice treated with SIs. Taken together, SIs are beneficial for weight control, even in short-term interventions. The specific mechanism is related to regulating the gut microbiota, changing digestive enzyme activities, and further affecting carbohydrate absorption and metabolism.

大豆异黄酮（SIs）广泛分布于食品及草药药物中。尽管SIs的药理活性已得到广泛报道，但其对宿主肠道微生态的影响却鲜受关注。本研究以五周大的昆明（KM）小鼠为实验对象，连续15天给予SIs（剂量为10 mg/kg/天）处理。通过测定食物摄入量、体重及消化酶活性，并利用16S核糖体核糖酸（16S rRNA）基因测序分析小肠微生物群，包括与腔相关细菌（LAB）和与黏膜相关细菌（MAB）。通过气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术分析短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）。结果显示，摄入SIs的小鼠表现出比正常小鼠更高的食物摄入量，但体重增加速率较低。经SIs处理后，蔗糖酶、纤维素酶和淀粉酶活性降低，而蛋白酶活性增加。此外，SIs增加了正常小鼠LAB和MAB的肠道细菌多样性。与MAB相比，LAB对SIs的组成更为敏感。经SIs处理的小鼠LAB中存在差异菌，如乳酸杆菌、Adlercreutzia、Coprococcus、Ruminococcus、Butyricicoccus和Desulfovibrio。此外，乙酸、丁酸、异丁酸、异戊酸和己酸含量降低，而丁酸和丙酸含量增加。综上所述，SIs对体重控制具有益处，即使在短期干预中也同样有效。其具体机制与调节肠道微生物群、改变消化酶活性以及进一步影响碳水化合物吸收和代谢相关。