National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping (NCALM) LiDAR, Imagery, and DEM data from five NGEE Arctic Sites, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, August 2021

From August 8 through August 16 of 2021, airborne remote sensing data was collected by the National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping (NCALM) in collaboration with NGEE Arctic scientists. Data was collected around five NGEE Arctic study sites on the Seward Peninsula of Alaska: Teller mm 27, Teller mm 47, Kougarok mm 64, Kougarok mm 86, and Council mm 71. A Robinson R44 II helicopter with a RIEGL VQ-580 II airborne laser scanner was used to collect the LiDAR point cloud data for each study site. A Phase One iXM-RS100F camera was integrated with the Riegl sensor to collect RGB imagery. This data package contains LiDAR point clouds (.las), RGB imagery (tif), 1 m or 50 cm Digital Elevation Models (.tif) generated from the LiDAR data, and shapefiles of the .las tiling system for each site (.shp). Two supplemental documents are also included in the package: 1) a report describing data collection details, GNSS corrections, and processing steps and 2) a document describing the LiDAR Classification used (.pdf). This survey was conducted towards the end of the summer on the Seward Peninsula, and can be paired with data collected in April of 2022 during the snow-on campaign "National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping (NCALM) LiDAR and DEM data from two NGEE Arctic Sites, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, Winter 2022" (Singhania et.al, 2023) (NGA314).The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research.The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska.Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

2021年8月8日至8月16日，美国国家机载激光测绘中心（National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping, NCALM）与北极下一代生态系统实验（Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic, NGEE Arctic）的科研人员合作采集了机载遥感数据。本次数据采集覆盖阿拉斯加苏厄德半岛上的5个NGEE Arctic研究站点：特勒mm 27、特勒mm 47、库加罗克mm 64、库加罗克mm 86以及康瑟尔mm 71。
本次任务使用搭载RIEGL VQ-580 II型机载激光扫描仪的罗宾逊R44 II直升机，采集各研究站点的激光雷达（LiDAR）点云数据；同时集成Phase One iXM-RS100F型相机，同步采集RGB影像数据。
本数据集包含以下内容：由LiDAR数据生成的LiDAR点云文件（.las格式）、RGB影像文件（.tif格式）、分辨率为1米或50厘米的数字高程模型（Digital Elevation Models, DEM）文件（.tif格式），以及各站点LiDAR点云分幅系统的形状文件（shapefiles，.shp格式）。数据包还附带两份补充文档：1）一份详述数据采集细节、全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）校正方法及处理流程的报告；2）一份说明LiDAR分类规则的PDF文档。
本次机载测绘于苏厄德半岛的夏末开展，可与2022年4月积雪覆盖季采集的"National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping (NCALM) LiDAR and DEM data from two NGEE Arctic Sites, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, Winter 2022"（Singhania等人，2023，编号NGA314）配套使用。
北极下一代生态系统实验（NGEE Arctic）是一项旨在通过建立对富碳北极生态系统的预测性认知及其对气候的反馈机制，降低地球系统模型不确定性的研究项目，该项目由美国能源部生物与环境研究办公室资助。
NGEE Arctic项目共设有两处野外研究区域：1）位于阿拉斯加乌特恰维克（原巴罗）附近北坡的巴罗环境观测站（Barrow Environmental Observatory, BEO）内的北极多边形苔原沿海区域；2）阿拉斯加诺姆以北苏厄德半岛的不连续永久冻土区域内的多处地点。
通过实地观测、控制实验及与现有数据集的综合分析，NGEE Arctic为多尺度建模提供了更完善的知识库，并助力美国能源部地球系统模型——能源百亿亿次级地球系统模型（Energy Exascale Earth System Model, E3SM），尤其是其陆面模型组件（ELM）——在全球泛北极尺度下提升了过程表征的准确性。