Influence of temperature and packaging type on quality parameters and antimicrobial properties during Yateí honey storage

Abstract Tetragonisca fiebrigi, is a bee of the subfamily Meliponidae traditionally known as Yateí. Its honey differs from the honey produced by Apis mellifera because it is less viscous, more acidic, has sweetness and particular aromas. It is important to know the behavior of yatei honey in different storage conditions, in order to preserve the characteristics of the honey and ensure the product as harmless. The objective was to determine the influence of temperature, packaging type and storage time of Yateí honey on antimicrobial properties, microbial (Total Mesophilic Aerobic and Mold and Yeast Count) and physicochemical parameters (pH, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), acidity, moisture content and diastase), with methodology of national and international standards. The antimicrobial effect was variable against strains of the genus Staphylococcus aureus. The most significant microbiological quality levels were Mold and Yeast counts (> 102 CFU / g). The physicochemical parameters with the most significant values were acidity (to: 42.5 meq acid/kg honey), moisture content (to: 26%) and HMF (to: 3.8mg/kg honey). Storage at refrigeration temperature maintained standard values close to Apis mellifera honey during 180 days; whereas at room temperature it was better to maintain antimicrobial power. No significant difference was found between plastic storage containers vs. glass.

摘要：费氏四角无刺蜂（Tetragonisca fiebrigi）隶属于麦蜂科（Meliponidae），传统上被称为Yateí。该蜂所产蜂蜜与西方蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）生产的蜂蜜存在显著差异，其黏度更低、酸度更高，兼具清甜风味与独特香气。为保留该蜂蜜的固有品质特性并确保产品安全无害，探究雅泰伊蜂蜜在不同储存条件下的特性变化具有重要研究意义。本研究依据国内外标准方法，旨在明确温度、包装类型及储存时长对雅泰伊蜂蜜抗菌性能、微生物指标（总嗜温需氧菌数、霉菌与酵母菌数）及理化参数（pH值、羟甲基糠醛（HMF）、酸度、水分含量与淀粉酶活性）的影响。结果显示，其对金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）菌株的抗菌效果存在波动。微生物品质指标中，霉菌与酵母菌数（>102 CFU/g）的影响最为显著；理化指标中，酸度（达42.5毫当量酸/千克蜂蜜）、水分含量（达26%）与羟甲基糠醛（HMF，达3.8 mg/kg蜂蜜）的变化最为突出。在冷藏温度下储存180天时，雅泰伊蜂蜜的各项指标可维持在接近西方蜜蜂蜂蜜的标准水平；而室温储存则更有利于保留其抗菌活性。此外，塑料储存容器与玻璃容器对蜂蜜品质的影响未呈现显著差异。