Enterprise Survey 2006 - Colombia

Abstract
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This research was conducted in Colombia between March and August 2006 as part of the Latin America and the Caribbean Enterprise Survey 2006 initiative. 1000 businesses were surveyed.

The objective of the study is to obtain feedback from enterprises in client countries on the state of the private sector as well as to help in building a panel of enterprise data that will make it possible to track changes in the business environment over time, thus allowing, for example, impact assessments of reforms. Through face-to-face interviews with firms in the manufacturing and services sectors, the survey assesses the constraints to private sector growth and creates statistically significant business environment indicators that are comparable across countries.

The standard Enterprise Survey topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs/labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, capacity utilization, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures. Over 90% of the questions objectively ascertain characteristics of a country’s business environment. The remaining questions assess the survey respondents’ opinions on what are the obstacles to firm growth and performance.

Geographic coverage
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National

Analysis unit
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The primary sampling unit of the study is the establishment. An establishment is a physical location where business is carried out and where industrial operations take place or services are provided. A firm may be composed of one or more establishments. For example, a brewery may have several bottling plants and several establishments for distribution. For the purposes of this survey an establishment must make its own financial decisions and have its own financial statements separate from those of the firm. An establishment must also have its own management and control over its payroll.

Universe
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The whole population, or the universe, covered in the Enterprise Surveys is the non-agricultural economy. It comprises: all manufacturing sectors according to the ISIC Revision 3.1 group classification (group D), construction sector (group F), services sector (groups G and H), and transport, storage, and communications sector (group I). Note that this population definition excludes the following sectors: financial intermediation (group J), real estate and renting activities (group K, except sub-sector 72, IT, which was added to the population under study), and all public or utilities sectors.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The study was conducted using stratified random sampling. Three levels of stratification were used in the sample: firm sector, firm size, and geographic region.

Industry stratification was designed in the following way: the population was stratified into 4 manufacturing industries, 2 services industries -retail and IT-, and one residual sector. For the manufacturing industries sample sizes were inflated by 25% to account for potential non-response in the financing data.

Size stratification was defined following the standardized definition for the rollout: small (5 to 19 employees), medium (20 to 99 employees), and large (more than 99 employees). For stratification purposed, the number of employees was defined on the basis of reported permanent full-time workers.

Regional stratification was defined in terms of the geographic regions with the largest commercial presence in the country: Bogota, Cali, Medellin, and Barranquilla.

The sources of the sample frame for Columbia was 2004 Comfecamaras. The proportion of confirmed non-eligible units to the total number of contacts to complete the survey was 20%.

Additional information about sampling design can be found in "Sampling Report.xls", "Sampling Methodology" and "Latin America and the Caribbean Enterprise Survey 2006 Implementation Report" in "Technical documents" folder.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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The current survey instruments are available:
- Core Questionnaire + Manufacturing Module [ISIC Rev.3.1: 15-37]
- Core Questionnaire + Retail Module [ISIC Rev.3.1: 52]
- Core Questionnaire [ISIC Rev.3.1: 45, 50, 51, 55, 60-64, 72]
- Screener Questionnaire.

The “Core Questionnaire” is the heart of the Enterprise Survey and contains the survey questions asked of all firms across the world. There are also two other survey instruments - the “Core Questionnaire + Manufacturing Module” and the “Core Questionnaire + Retail Module.” The survey is fielded via three instruments in order to not ask questions that are irrelevant to specific types of firms, e.g. a question that relates to production and nonproduction workers should not be asked of a retail firm. In addition to questions that are asked across countries, all surveys are customized and contain country-specific questions. An example of customization would be including tourism-related questions that are asked in certain countries when tourism is an existing or potential sector of economic growth.

The standard Enterprise Survey topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs/labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, capacity utilization, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures.

Cleaning operations
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Data entry and quality controls are implemented by the contractor and data is delivered to the World Bank in batches (typically 10%, 50% and 100%). These data deliveries are checked for logical consistency, out of range values, skip patterns, and duplicate entries. Problems are flagged by the World Bank and corrected by the implementing contractor through data checks, callbacks, and revisiting establishments.

Response rate
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Information about response rates, survey and item non-response can be found in "Latin America and the Caribbean Enterprise Survey 2006 Implementation Report" in "Technical documents" folder.

摘要
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本研究于2006年3月至8月在哥伦比亚进行，作为拉丁美洲及加勒比海企业调查2006年倡议的一部分，共调查了1000家企业。
研究的目的是收集客户国家企业的反馈，以了解私营部门的状况，并有助于构建企业数据面板，从而能够追踪商业环境随时间的变化，从而允许进行例如改革影响的评估。通过面对面访谈制造业和服务业的企业，调查评估了私营部门增长的制约因素，并创建了具有统计学意义且在不同国家可比的商业环境指标。
标准企业调查主题包括企业特征、性别参与、融资获取、年度销售额、投入/劳动力成本、劳动力构成、贿赂、许可、基础设施、贸易、犯罪、竞争、产能利用率、土地和许可、税收、非正式性、商业与政府关系、创新与技术以及绩效指标。超过90%的问题客观地确定了国家商业环境的特征。剩余的问题评估了调查受访者对企业增长和绩效的障碍的看法。
地理覆盖范围
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全国
分析单位
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本研究的主要抽样单位为法人实体。法人实体是指从事商业活动并开展工业操作或提供服务的地方。一家公司可能由一个或多个法人实体组成。例如，一家啤酒厂可能有几个灌装厂和几个分销法人实体。在本调查中，法人实体必须能够独立做出财务决策，并拥有与公司财务报表分开的财务报表。法人实体还必须拥有自己的管理和对工资单的控制。
总体
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企业调查涵盖的总体，即整体，是非农业经济。它包括：根据ISIC修订版3.1分组分类的所有制造业部门（D组）、建筑部门（F组）、服务业部门（G组和H组），以及运输、仓储和通信部门（I组）。请注意，此人口定义不包括以下部门：金融中介（J组）、房地产和租赁活动（K组，除子部门72，IT，该子部门已被纳入研究总体），以及所有公共或公用事业部门。
数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]
抽样程序
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本研究采用分层随机抽样法进行。在样本中使用了三个分层级别：企业部门、企业规模和地理区域。
行业分层按以下方式设计：人口被分为4个制造业行业、2个服务业行业——零售和IT，以及一个剩余部门。为了应对融资数据潜在的非响应，制造业行业的样本量增加了25%。
规模分层遵循标准化推广定义：小型（5至19名员工）、中型（20至99名员工）和大型（超过99名员工）。为了分层目的，员工人数基于报告的永久全职工人数量。
地区分层以国家最大的商业存在地区为定义：波哥大、卡利、麦德林和巴兰基亚。
哥伦比亚样本框架的来源是2004年的Comfecamaras。在完成调查的接触总数中，已确认的非合格单位比例占总数的20%。
有关抽样设计的附加信息可以在“抽样报告.xls”、“抽样方法”和“拉丁美洲及加勒比海企业调查2006年实施报告”中找到。
数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]
研究工具
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当前的调查工具包括：
- 核心问卷 + 制造业模块 [ISIC Rev.3.1: 15-37]
- 核心问卷 + 零售模块 [ISIC Rev.3.1: 52]
- 核心问卷 [ISIC Rev.3.1: 45, 50, 51, 55, 60-64, 72]
- 筛选问卷。
“核心问卷”是企业调查的核心，包含向全球所有企业提出的问题。还有另外两种调查工具——“核心问卷 + 制造业模块”和“核心问卷 + 零售模块”。调查通过三种工具进行，以避免向特定类型的企业提出无关问题，例如，与生产和非生产工人相关的问题不应向零售企业提出。除了跨国家的问题外，所有调查都是定制的，并包含特定国家的问题。定制的示例包括在某些国家，当旅游业是现有或潜在的经济增长部门时，会询问与旅游业相关的问题。
标准企业调查主题包括企业特征、性别参与、融资获取、年度销售额、投入/劳动力成本、劳动力构成、贿赂、许可、基础设施、贸易、犯罪、竞争、产能利用率、土地和许可、税收、非正式性、商业与政府关系、创新与技术以及绩效指标。
数据清理操作
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数据录入和质量控制由承包商实施，数据以批次（通常是10%、50%和100%）的形式提交给世界银行。这些数据交付将进行逻辑一致性、超出范围值、跳过模式和重复条目的检查。问题将由世界银行标记并由实施承包商通过数据检查、回调和重新访问法人实体进行纠正。
响应率
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关于响应率、调查和项目非响应的信息可以在“技术文件”文件夹中的“拉丁美洲及加勒比海企业调查2006年实施报告”中找到。