ISSUES OF FINANCIAL PROVISION OF PRISON INSTITUTIONS IN RUSSIA IN THE EARLY XX CENTURY

The article deals with the issues of material provision of prisons in the early XX century. It is an interesting historical fact that prisoners brought a certain income to the treasury by performing various types of socially useful work, which was encouraged by the authorities. A similar practice existed in the early twentieth century abroad, for example, in Switzerland, Great Britain, and the USA, where prisoners' labor was also actively used, bringing money to the state. In fact, these financial resources were used partly for the needs of places of deprivation of liberty, which contributed to their self-sufficiency. The Tsarist government in Russia rightly believed that, from a financial point of view, it was more profitable to force prisoners to work and bring income than to simply keep the entire prison population "under lock and key". In addition, later, after 1917 in Russia, labor re-education of prisoners was actively used during the years of Soviet power. At present, the Russian government is attempting to organize the so-called "public institute of probation" in order to activate labor employment of convicts.