Table_1_Clinical pharmacist interventions in nutrition-and drug-related problems in critically ill patients with renal dysfunction: a non-randomized controlled study.DOCX

BackgroundCritically ill intensive care unit (ICU) patients often face life-threatening drug-related problems (DRPs) and malnutrition. Clinical pharmacists (CPs) play a crucial role in mitigating these issues and improving outcomes.AimThis study was designed to detect, prevent, reduce or resolve nutrition-related problems (NRPs) and DRPs in intensive care patients with renal dysfunction through clinical pharmacy services.MethodThis 9-month, prospective, non-randomized, controlled study was conducted in the ICU. During the intervention period (IP), CP recommendations addressing NRPs and DRPs were provided to the healthcare team. NRPs were evaluated using an expert-developed enteral nutrition consensus protocol, while DRPs were classified according to the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) Classification for Drug-Related Problems Version 9.1.ResultsThe study included 60 patients with a median age of 73 years (IQR: 60.5–80). A total of 504 DRPs (8.4 per patient) were identified across all patients. DRPs were decreased by 50% during the IP compared to the observation period (OP) (p

背景：重症监护病房（ICU）的患者常面临危及生命的药物相关问题（DRPs）和营养不良。临床药师（CPs）在缓解这些问题并改善预后方面发挥着至关重要的作用。目的：本研究旨在通过临床药学服务，检测、预防、减少或解决具有肾功能不全的重症监护患者的营养相关问题（NRPs）和药物相关问题（DRPs）。方法：本研究为一项为期9个月的、前瞻性、非随机、对照研究，在ICU进行。在干预期（IP）内，临床药师针对NRPs和DRPs向医疗团队提供建议。NRPs采用专家开发的肠内营养共识协议进行评估，而DRPs则根据欧洲药学护理网络（PCNE）的药物相关问题分类第9.1版进行分类。结果：该研究纳入了60名患者，其中位年龄为73岁（四分位间距：60.5–80）。所有患者中共计发现了504个DRPs（每位患者8.4个）。与观察期（OP）相比，干预期内的DRPs减少了50%（p