Baseline of Next-Generation Arctic Marine Shipping Assessments - Oldest Pan-Arctic Satellite Automatic Identification System (AIS) Data Record of Maritime Ship Traffic, ancillary data 2015-2016

The Arctic is prominent in the history of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), following the RMS Titanic disaster in 1912 and soon signing in London of the Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea in 1914. Eighty years later, the IMO initiated a process to manage shipping in ice-covered oceans. In concert with the IMO Guidelines for Ships Operating in Arctic Ice-Covered Waters in 2002 and their 2004 release of the Arctic 2004 Arctic Climate Impact Assessment, the Arctic Council initiated the Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment (AMSA), which issued its final report in 2009. Primary sources of data for AMSA involved ship tracking from ground-station Automatic Identification System (AIS), shore-based radar systems and details of fishing vessels as well as other smaller ships provided by the Arctic nations. However, Arctic ship traffic fundamentally changed the year of the AMSA report, when satellite AIS records began providing continuous, synoptic, pan-Arctic coverage of individual ships with data pulsed over seconds to minutes. This data packages contains data collected by satellite AIS from from 1 January 2015 through December 31 2016. Future questions can be considered to assess ship attributes (including vessel flag state, size and type) in view of biophysical and socio-economic variables, recognizing that shipping and sea ice are recognized as primary drivers of change in the Arctic Ocean. Contributions to these assessments come from all areas of science (inclusively defined as the study of change), across the natural and social sciences with Indigenous knowledge in an holistic (international, interdisciplinary and inclusive) manner to achieve Arctic sustainability across generations. As a practical outcome in a user-defined manner, this chapter reveals characteristics of next-generation Arctic marine shipping assessments, revealing patterns and trends that can be applied to informed decisionmaking about the governance mechanisms and built infrastructure as well as operations for multilateral stability and sustainable development in the new Arctic Ocean. This dataset contains ancillary data about individual ships monitored using the satellite Automatic Identification System (AIS) for 2015 and 2016.北极在国际海事组织（International Maritime Organization, IMO）的发展历程中占据重要地位。1912年泰坦尼克号（RMS Titanic）海难发生后，该组织于1914年在伦敦签署了《国际海上人命安全公约》。八十年后，国际海事组织启动了冰封海域航运管理相关工作。2002年，该组织发布《北极冰封水域船舶操作指南》，并于2004年推出《2004年北极气候影响评估》；与此同时，北极理事会（Arctic Council）启动了北极海洋航运评估（Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment, AMSA）项目，并于2009年发布最终报告。 北极海洋航运评估的原始数据主要来自地面站自动识别系统（Automatic Identification System, AIS）的船舶追踪数据、岸基雷达系统数据，以及北极各国提供的渔船及其他小型船舶的相关详情。不过，随着卫星自动识别系统记录开始实现对北极全域单艘船舶的连续、同步覆盖，数据更新频次为秒级至分钟级，北极航运格局自此发生根本性转变，这也从根本上重塑了北极海洋航运评估的数据基础。本数据包包含2015年1月1日至2016年12月31日期间通过卫星自动识别系统采集的相关数据。 后续研究可结合生物物理与社会经济变量，对船舶属性（包括船舶旗籍、尺寸与类型）进行评估，而航运与海冰被视为北冰洋变化的核心驱动因素。此类评估的研究贡献来自所有科学领域（广义上可定义为变化研究），涵盖自然科学与社会科学，并以整体性（国际化、跨学科、包容性）的方式融入原住民知识，以期实现北极地区代际可持续发展。 本章节以用户自定义的方式形成实践成果，揭示了下一代北极海洋航运评估的特征，呈现了可用于指导治理机制、基础设施建设以及运营决策的模式与趋势，助力实现新北冰洋的多边稳定与可持续发展。本数据集包含2015年至2016年间通过卫星自动识别系统（AIS）监测的单艘船舶的辅助数据。