Temperature profiles from expendable bathythermograph (XBT) casts from the USCGC MORGENTHAU in the Gulf of Mexico and North Atlantic Ocean in support of the Integrated Global Ocean Services System (IGOSS) project from 29 October 1975 to 08 November 1975 (NODC Accession 7501101)

XBT data were collected from the USCGC MORGENTHAU in support of the Integrated Global Ocean Services System (IGOSS) project. Data were collected by the US Coast Guard (USCG) from 29 October 1975 to 08 November 1975. Data were processed by NODC to the NODC standard Universal Bathythermograph Output (UBT) format. Full format description is available from NODC at www.nodc.noaa.gov/General/NODC-Archive/bt.html.

The UBT file format is used for temperature-depth profile data obtained using expendable bathythermograph (XBT) instruments. Standard XBTs can obtain profiles at depths of about 450 or 760 m. With special instruments, measurements can be obtained to 1830 m. Cruise information, position, date, and time are reported for each observation. The data record comprises pairs of temperature-depth values. Unlike the MBT data file, in which temperature values are recorded at uniform 5m intervals, the XBT Data File contains temperature values at non-uniform depths. These depths are at a minimum number of points ("inflection points") required to record the temperature curve to an acceptable degree of accuracy. On output, however, the user may request temperature values either at inflection points or interpolated to uniform depth increments.

本数据集的抛弃式温深仪（expendable bathythermograph，XBT）数据采集自美国海岸警卫队摩根索号（USCGC MORGENTHAU），用于支撑综合全球海洋服务系统（Integrated Global Ocean Services System，IGOSS）项目。该批数据由美国海岸警卫队（US Coast Guard，USCG）于1975年10月29日至1975年11月8日期间采集，后经美国国家海洋数据中心（National Oceanographic Data Center，NODC）处理为符合NODC标准的抛弃式温深仪通用输出（Universal Bathythermograph Output，UBT）格式。完整格式说明可从NODC官网获取，网址为www.nodc.noaa.gov/General/NODC-Archive/bt.html。

UBT文件格式用于存储通过XBT获取的温度-深度剖面数据。标准型XBT可获取约450米或760米深度的剖面数据；若配备专用特殊仪器，测量深度可达1830米。每份观测记录均包含航次信息、观测位置、日期与时间。数据记录由温度-深度值对构成。与以5米均匀间隔记录温度值的机械温深仪（MBT）数据文件不同，XBT数据文件中的温度值对应非均匀深度。这些深度点为以可接受精度记录温度曲线所需的最少采样点，即“拐点”。在最终输出时，用户可自主选择获取拐点处的原始温度值，或通过插值得到均匀深度增量下的温度数据。