The effect of L-carnosine, D-carnosine, L-histidine and β-alanine on the specific growth rate and viability of yeast cultures grown on fermentable (glucose) and non-fermentable (glycerol) carbon sources.

Yeast cells were grown in shake-flasks at 30°C in 2×CBS medium supplemented with 2% glucose or in YP supplemented with 2% glycerol as well as L-carnosine, D-carnosine, L-histidine or β-alanine (0–30 mM). Replicate cultures were performed as indicated and specific growth rates (μ; derived from OD600 growth curves) and viability (%; determined by trypan blue dye exclusion) were determined; a dash (–) indicates that the experimental condition indicated was not investigated. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA (P