Dataset for the Determination of Solar Photovoltaic Energy Potential for Selected State Capitals in Southwest, Nigeria Using Artificial Neural Network

This dataset consists of nine spreadsheets in CSV format. They contain historical weather data and were obtained from Solcast and NiMet (Nigerian Metrological Agency). The dataset includes several weather and solar energy variables for four state capitals (Abeokuta, Akure, Ibadan, and Ado-Ekiti) in the Southwest zone of Nigeria. Air temperature (air_temp) measures how hot or cold the air is, usually in degrees Celsius, while dewpoint temperature (dewpoint_temp) indicates the temperature at which air moisture condenses into water, showing how humid the air is. Diffuse horizontal irradiance (dhi) represents scattered sunlight reaching the surface after being diffused by clouds or particles, and global horizontal irradiance (ghi) measures the total sunlight, both direct and scattered, received on a horizontal surface, making it essential for solar energy analysis. Relative humidity (relative_humidity) expresses the amount of moisture in the air as a percentage of its maximum capacity at that temperature. Wind speed at 10 meters (wind_speed_10m) records how fast the wind blows at a height of 10 meters above the ground.
For the NiMet data, the meteorological parameters consist of YEAR, MO, DY, and HR represent the date and time of each observation, corresponding to the year, month, day, and hour. ALLSKY_SFC_UVA indicates the all-sky surface ultraviolet radiation (UVA) received at the ground level and T2M, T2MDEW, T2MWET, and RH2M refer to the air temperature, the dew point, wet-bulb temperatures, and relative humidity measured at 2 meters above the surface, respectively. WS10M is the wind speed measured at 10 metres above the ground, indicating the strength of surface-level winds.

The files included are:
1. nimet_abeokuta_hourly.csv: Data obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet) specifically for the city of Abeokuta, Ogun State
2. nimet_akure_hourly.csv: Data obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet) specifically for the city of Akure, Ondo State
3. nimet_ekiti_hourly.csv: Data obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet) specifically for Ekiti State, Nigeria
4. nimet_ibadan_hourly.csv: Data obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet) specifically for the city of Ibadan, Oyo State
5. solacast_abeokuta_2010_data.csv: Historical weather data for Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria, obtained from Solacast, covering the year 2010.
6. solacast_ekiti_2010_data.csv: Historical weather data for Ekiti State, Nigeria, obtained from Solacast, covering the year 2010
7. solacast_ibadan_2010_data.csv: Historical weather data for Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, obtained from Solacast, covering the year 2010
8. solcast_akure_2010_data.csv: Historical weather data for Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria, obtained from Solacast, covering the year 2010.
9. solcast_2020_all_data.csv: Combined weather and solar irradiance data, historical for the four cities, obtained from Solcast for the year 2020.

本数据集包含9个CSV格式电子表格，收录历史气象数据，数据来源于Solcast与尼日利亚国家气象局（NiMet, Nigerian Metrological Agency）。数据集覆盖尼日利亚西南部四座州府——阿贝奥库塔、阿库雷、伊巴丹及阿多埃基蒂，包含多组气象与太阳能相关变量。
其中，气温（air_temp）用于衡量空气冷热程度，单位通常为摄氏度；露点温度（dewpoint_temp）指空气中水汽凝结为液态水时的温度，可反映空气湿度水平。散射水平辐照度（dhi, Diffuse horizontal irradiance）代表经云层或颗粒物散射后抵达地表的太阳光；总水平辐照度（ghi, Global horizontal irradiance）则衡量水平表面接收到的全部直射与散射太阳光总量，是太阳能分析的核心指标。相对湿度（relative_humidity）以百分比形式表示空气中水汽占该温度下饱和水汽容纳量的比例。10米高度风速（wind_speed_10m）记录地面以上10米高度处的风速大小。
针对NiMet采集的数据，其气象参数包含YEAR、MO、DY、HR四个字段，分别对应每次观测的年、月、日与时序。ALLSKY_SFC_UVA表示地面接收的全天空地表紫外线辐射（UVA）；T2M、T2MDEW、T2MWET及RH2M分别指代地表以上2米处测得的气温、露点温度、湿球温度与相对湿度；WS10M为地面以上10米高度处的风速，用于表征近地面风力强度。
本次数据集包含的文件如下：
1. nimet_abeokuta_hourly.csv：来自尼日利亚国家气象局（NiMet）的奥贡州阿贝奥库塔市逐时气象数据
2. nimet_akure_hourly.csv：来自尼日利亚国家气象局（NiMet）的翁多州阿库雷市逐时气象数据
3. nimet_ekiti_hourly.csv：来自尼日利亚国家气象局（NiMet）的尼日利亚埃基蒂州逐时气象数据
4. nimet_ibadan_hourly.csv：来自尼日利亚国家气象局（NiMet）的奥约州伊巴丹市逐时气象数据
5. solacast_abeokuta_2010_data.csv：来自Solcast的尼日利亚奥贡州阿贝奥库塔市2010年历史气象数据
6. solacast_ekiti_2010_data.csv：来自Solcast的尼日利亚埃基蒂州2010年历史气象数据
7. solacast_ibadan_2010_data.csv：来自Solcast的尼日利亚奥约州伊巴丹市2010年历史气象数据
8. solcast_akure_2010_data.csv：来自Solcast的尼日利亚翁多州阿库雷市2010年历史气象数据
9. solcast_2020_all_data.csv：来自Solcast的上述四座城市2020年综合气象与太阳辐照度历史数据